SELECO 14EB454.1 BIZET YEAR 1987

The SELECO 14EB454.1 "BIZET"  is a 14 inches (37cm) color portable television with 30 programs PLL synthesized tuning (99 channels).

The set has AV SCART SOCKET and remote control and incorporated pair of telescopic antennas.


The set features a Samsung CRT Tube with blackmatrix,with very bright dazzling superb pictures , In a conventional shadow-mask-type CRT, graphic images are reproduced by red, green, and blue electron beams emitted from means for producing them which pass through a hole of a shadow mask, converge into a point, and collide with red, green, and blue phosphors formed on a phosphor screen of an inner surface of a panel.
The phosphor screen comprises red, green, and blue phosphors which have a pattern and black matrix which is formed on the same surface and between the phosphors. Generally, the black matrix is a photo-absorptive layer produced by using photoresisting effect of a photoresist.

The black matrix for a color CRT is produced by packing illuminescent absorptive materials between phosphors. The black matrix prevents the contrast of the CRT from decreasing, which is caused by luminescence of aluminium layer occurring when the electrons scattered around the inner panel of the CRT and the hole of a shadow mask collide with the phosphor screen. The black matrix also prevents the chromaticity from decreasing, which is caused by luminescence of dots and stripes of the phosphors when the neighboring dots and stripes are radiated by the electron beams.

The SELECO 14EB454.1 BIZET and other TVs with the chassis BS700  was featuring fist time The TDA3300 Motorola's third generation colour processing,The device will accept a PAL or NTSC composite videosignal and output the. three colour signals needing only a simple driver amplifier to interface with the picture tube ,Furthermore it features first time the Automatic Black Level set-up.Motorola's third generation PAL decoder system (Chroma III) employs a single 40 -pin i.c., type TDA3300. Amongst the features of this i.c. are low dissipation, typically 600mW, with a single 12V supply; a patented 90° phase - shift system requiring no adjustment; and direct inputs for on -screen (data, TV games, etc.) displays, with a complementary fast blanking input. Of particular interest is the beam limiting and automatic black -level adjustment system, the latter making it unnecessary to incorporate preset controls to set up the black level. These arrangements rely on three high -voltage transistors to monitor the beam currents, providing feedback signals for the i.c.  If the reference voltage is exceeded, the beam current limiting action comes into operation, reducing the contrast. The system has been designed to enhance the set's video and digital signal handling capability. During the flyback time the feedback input impedance rises, activating a further internal comparator. This compares the tube's cut-off current (a hot cathode doesn't cut off completely) with another internal reference voltage. The resultant signal is integrated and added to the output (at the output clamp) to provide the automatic black -level correction. Readers may recall that a similar idea, using discrete circuitry, is employed in certain B and 0 colour chassis. The advantage is that the black level is held constant throughout the tube's life, with no grey -scale drift.

This color television is featured with PLL frequency synthesized tuning system, a television tuning system employs a frequency synthesizer system for establishing the tuning of the receiver, featured with a Microcomputer driven synthesis system.A tuning system is provided in which the tuning function is substantially integrated in a microprocessor. A fixed modulus counter is cascaded with a programmable counter (or timer) found within the microprocesor thereby extending the counting range of the programmable counter. Then by prescaling the output of the local oscillator to a value below the toggle frequency of the microprocessor counter, the microprocessor may periodically measure the output frequency of the oscillator and, if necessary, generate correction signals therefor.
Some prior art tuning systems for use with a voltage tunable tuner have utilized a plurality of preset potentiometers each adjusted to supply a voltage required to tune the tuner to a desired channel. Mechanical or electronic switches have been employed to connect one of the preset voltages at a time to the tuner. With this method of tuning, the channel being received is not accurately identified by the system. Initially, in order to set each of the potentiometers to permit reception of desired channels, a viewer must determine the channel being received by channel call letters and/or channel number identification periodically transmitted from the television station. Typically, after the channel being received has been identified, a plastic insert having the channel number printed thereon is placed in front of a lamp which will be illuminated whenever this channel is selected.
Television receivers of the type under consideration frequently include a frequency synthesizer for tuning the receiver's local oscillator to the nominal carrier frequency of a selected television channel. Generally, the frequency synthesizer compares the local oscillator frequency to a reference frequency associated with the selected channel, and then varies the local oscillator frequency until it equals the reference frequency. Presumably, the receiver will now be correctly tuned to the selected channel.
This method of tuning the receiver relies, of course, on the frequency of the incoming television signal being equal to its nominal or standard frequency.
The object of this invention is to provide a tuning system which uses a frequency synthesizer implemented with a microprocessor.A further object of this invention is to provide a tuning system in which the tuning function occurs primarily within the microprocessor.
These objects are achieved in a frequency synthesized tuning system comprising a variable oscillator and a microprocessor coupled to said variable oscillator for the control thereof, said microprocessor having a programmable counter therein, wherein the tuning function of said tuning system is substantially integrated within said microprocessor, characterized in that said tuning system further comprises means coupled between said oscillator and said microprocessor for extending the capacity of said programmable counter, whereby said programmable counter may be used for measuring the output frequency of said variable oscillator.
The system employed in the tv permits utilization of a frequency synthesizer tuning system which correctly tunes to a desired television station or channel even if the transmitted signals from that station are not precisely maintained at the proper frequencies even in combination of a fine tuning adjustable by the user.
Accordingly, it is an object of this invention to provide an improved tuning system for a television receiver.
It is an additional object of this invention to provide an improved frequency synthesizer tuning system for a television receiver.

PLL SYNTHESIZED TUNING System Concepts:

INTRODUCTION Digital tuning systems are fast replacing the conventional mechanical systems in AM FM and television receivers The desirability of the digital approach is mainly due to the following features * Precise tuning of station frequencies
* Exact digital frequency display
* Keyboard entry of desired frequency
* Virtually unlimited station memory
* Up down scanning through the band
* Station ‘‘search’’ (stop on next active station)
* Power on to the last station
* Easy option for time-of-day clock In addition
" recent "developments in large scale integrated circuit technology and new varactor diodes for the AM band have made the cost-benefit picture for digital tuning very attractive System partitioning is extremely important in optimizing this cost-benefit picture as will be discussed.

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
A simplified block diagram of a typical digitally tuned receiver is shown in Figure 1 Notice this receiver could be one for AM FM marine radio or television it makes no difference The frequency synthesizer block generates the local oscillator frequency for the receiver just as a conventional mechanical tuner would However the phase-locked-loop (PLL) acts as an integral frequency multiplier of an accurate crystal controlled reference frequency while the mechanical type provides a continuously variable frequency output with no reference Some method of controlling the value of the multiplier for channel tuning must be provided The other RF IF and audio video circuitry will be the same as in the mechanical tuning method There are many different ways to partition the frequency synthesizer system to perform the digital tuning function................


The tuning is for this capable of 99 channels PLL synthesized tuner .

A SCART Connector (which stands for Syndicat des Constructeurs d'Appareils Radiorécepteurs et Téléviseurs) is a standard for connecting audio-visual equipment together. The official standard for SCART is CENELEC document number EN 50049-1. SCART is also known as Péritel (especially in France) and Euroconnector but the name SCART will be used exclusively herein. The standard defines a 21-pin connector (herein after a SCART connector) for carrying analog television signals. Various pieces of equipment may be connected by cables having a plug fitting the SCART connectors. Television apparatuses commonly include one or more SCART connectors.

Although a SCART connector is bidirectional, the present invention is concerned with the use of a SCART connector as an input connector for receiving signals into a television apparatus. A SCART connector can receive input television signals either in an RGB format in which the red, green and blue signals are received on Pins 15, 11 and 7, respectively, or alternatively in an S-Video format in which the luminance (Y) and chroma (C) signals are received on Pins 20 and 15. As a result of the common usage of Pin 15 in accordance with the SCART standard, a SCART connector cannot receive input television signals in an RGB format and in an S-Video format at the same time.

Consequently many commercially available television apparatuses include a separate SCART connectors each dedicated to receive input television signals in one of an RGB format and an S-Video format. This limits the functionality of the SCART connectors. In practical terms, the number of SCART connectors which can be provided on a television apparatus is limited by cost and space considerations. However, different users wish the input a wide range of different combinations of formats of television signals, depending on the equipment they personally own and use. However, the provision of SCART connectors dedicated to input television signals in one of an RGB format and an S-Video format limits the overall connectivity of the television apparatus. Furthermore, for many users the different RGB format and S-Video format are confusing. Some users may not understand or may mistake the format of a television signal being supplied on a given cable from a given piece of equipment. This can result in the supply of input television signals of an inappropriate format for the SCART connector concerned.

This kind of connector is todays obsoleted !

Above the cabinet is located a handgrip.

These sets were very reliable and durable.


Zanussi was an Italian producer of home appliances that in 1984 was bought by Electrolux . Zanussi is a leading brand for domestic kitchen appliances in Europe. Products have been exported from Italy since 1946.

The Zanussi Company began as the small workshop of Antonio Zanussi in 1916. The enterprising 26-year-old son of a blacksmith in Pordenone in Northeastern Italy began the business by making home stoves and wood-burning ovens.
After his father death in 1946 “Lino Zanussi” became the President of the company.
In the early 1970s Zanussi sold a lot in the UK and for some time after under the “Zoppas” brand, name which had been acquired, making Zanussi the first largest Italian appliance maker. They also produced washing machines Hotpoint for Hotpoint at this time which were very reliable and highly rated by users and engineers.
In the late 1970s and into the early 1980s the company had a range of washing machines which used an induction motor with a clutch pulley system. Again this range proved extremely popular and very reliable.
During this period Zanussi Professional, the catering range of appliances for commercial use, became a separate division in its own right.
In the early 1980s Zanussi launched the Jetsystem washing machine range to great acclaim whilst at the same time running the “Appliance Of Science” advertising campaign which is acknowledged as one of the most successful marketing campaigns of all time, in fact still remembered by many today. This gave the brand the impression of being forward thinking and innovative.
Zanussi has recently been rebranded as Zanussi-Electrolux in line with many other Electrolux brand names. Since that time many Zanussi appliances share common components and parts with the rest of the Electrolux range, primarily Electrolux, Tricity Bendix and AEG although it is worth noting that the “John Lewis” branded machines sold by the John Lewis Partnership in the UK are effectively rebranded Zanussi appliances.
In the late 1980s Zanussi launched the split tank design known as the “Nexus Tub” design which endures to this day with little change. The tub, base and certain other parts are made from a plastic material known as “Carboran” which can be re-used several times if recycled. To this day neither Zanussi or Electrolux has provided any way to return this material for recycling purposes.

Up until the end of the 1980s Zanussi service was run from Slough and was a network of independent repairers who gave an unparalleled service level. It is generally acknowledged within the industry that this service network was the best that there has ever been in the UK.
In the early 1990s Electrolux instigated amalgamating all its UK brands under one service entity. This entity was split, dependent on region, between the Zanussi service agents and the local Electrolux Service Centre. In general those in a high population density area where given to the Electrolux employed centres. Tricity Bendix, Electrolux and AEG as well as Zanussi were all to be serviced by the one network.
This was changed in the late 1990s and early 2000s as Electrolux sold or gave away the regional service centres, generally to the existing management or to area managers to run as independent businesses.
This service network was rebranded and became Service Force which still exists today but is, once again, all operated by independent service companies who repair and supply spare parts for all of the brands.................


 ..........................when the president Lino Zanussi died in a plane crash in June 1968 - Zanussi
Industries was the first Italian manufacturer of white goods and employs approximately 13000 employees.

When the Zanussi group of Pordenone lives a first phase of  financial stress then Lamberto Mazza, who succeeded Lino Zanussi, decides to liquidate some social funds with share capital held by Guido Zanussi  causing an outlay of 16 billion lire of that era.

Despite the Huge outlay to cope with such a withdrawal, the group aquired, in the course of 1970, competitor like Zoppas the other big Italian manufacturer of household appliances, which was,
significantly in debt due of an acquisition of Triplex in Solarolo and a construction of the new plant in Susegana.

The Zoppas, whose factories were located in Conegliano Veneto (TV), has a history quite similar to Zanussi: it is in fact founded by Ferdinand Zoppas in 1926 as an artisan company repair of wood-burning stoves and then spread widely and rapidly under the leadership of his sons Augusto and Gino.

Zanussi president, Lamberto Mazza, alleged a plan to achieve an optimal size to compete at the European level if not the world, strengthening the shares held by Zanussi on the Italian market to avoid  the entry of foreign competitors (in particular the U.S. Westinghouse).

The Financial stress imposed on Zanussi by acquisition of Zoppas and, simultaneously, the increase in the incidence both of labor costs and reasons of rise up of activity intensity (In the space of a short pass from 13,000 employees to 24,000 units?)  is faced with:

a. the sale to the German AEG-Telefunken
an amount equal to 25.01% of the Zanussi S.p.A.
(The operational holding company of the group)

(The share of ownership AEG-Telefunken is subsequently recognized in 1978 by Voet-Alpine.)


b. to loans from Italian Istituto Mobiliare
(IMI);

c.
about a loan of about two hundred million marks
disbursed in 1974 from Dresden Bank.

The union conflicts, the impact of labor costs (in 1974 Zanussi occupies nearly 31,000 employees), the Debt contract with institutions credit and the first oil shock induce Lamberto Mazza to start a rapid process of diversification The core of this strategy is, however, the belief that the market of appliance White has come to its stage of maturity, with a saturation level  and the consequent reduction of typical viability.

Therefore, in this back of years Zanussi invests substantial financial resources to acquiring control of businesses;

(The process of growth of Zanussi,  nevertheless sees the creation of new realities companys as a result of corporate spin-offs.

Considering, for example,

Zanussi Grandi Cucine SpA, Zanussi Grandi Impianti
SpA, Air Zanussi SpA, Zanussi Components for Construction SpA, the Industrialised Building ZanussiFarsura SpA to subsidiaries Iberian Zinsa-Zanussi Industrial SA Compania SA and Industrias Electrodomesticas,
and Lastly Anglo-Saxon Iaz International Ltd., was established in 1979
well as the company insurance and financial intermediation
group, called Infinas S.p.A.) with few exceptions   activities not related with the core business.

In particular, remembering the concentrations of corporate sectors relating to paper (Paper Mill Galvani SpA, Cartopiave SpA and subsidiaries Cartosud and Silica), electronic (Ducati Electrical, Electronics-Inelco), construction (Seicom-Building for Integrated Components SpA), metallurgical (Smalteria and Metallurgical Veneta SpA), hotel (Borsa SpA) of furniture (Galvani Porcelain SpA, Sambuceto SA, Meson's Spring SpA SpA and its subsidiaries and Pagnucco SpA), components (Ilpea Gomma SpA), photographic equipment ( Fotomec San Marco SpA) of entertainment
(Udinese Calcio SpA) and solar photovoltaics.

(The investments of Zanussi happenned sometimes even in the indirect form
 which is made through the CISVE (Industrial Consortium
Economic Development), founded by Lamberto Mazza in quality of
President of the association of Industrialists of Pordenone, as well, since 1978, through the Industrial Finance SpA, a company financial system constituted specifically for that.)

the Organization Company is  formed in a matrix in which the divisional activities and  are then grouped into the following sections:

1.apparatus for heating;
2.components for Building;
3.solar panels;
4.apparatus Idronet (for potability of the water);
5.components;
6.apparatus different from electronic television sets.

But when the financial situation Worsened in 1983,
Zanussi family the shareholder majority, distrusted Lamberto Mazza replacing him
initially with Umberto Cuttica, former manager of FIAT,
then later with Gianfranco Zoppas, husband of Antonia Zanussi and son Lino.

The corporate reorganization plan was then prepared by the new management and was designed to focus the now scarce financial resources in the core business of group, to continue or to divest a number of activities not closely related ( Air Zanussi, Zanussi Construction Industrialized, Zanussi Electronics, Paper Mill Galvani,Pagnucco, Fotomec, New Cartopiave) , thus preparing the field for the sale of the Entire group to Electrolux, the Swedish multinational leader in field of white goods.


Stern / REX / Zanussi / Seleco (WAS) is an electronics company based in Pordenone, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Italy. It is part of Super//Fluo, who bought the rights in August, 2006, along with Brionvega and Imperial.


Sèleco was born as in 1965 as a spin-off from the home appliances maker Zanussi. In the first years of his life, Seleco produced almost black and white televisions with the Zanussi or Rex brand. The company was being sold in 1984, and was first acquired by Gian Mario Rossignolo. He first became president and then main stockholder.
During the 1980s, the company launched worldwide marketing campaigns and began sponsoring some of the most famous Italian soccer team, such as Lazio A.S..
During the '90s, the company was mainly concentrated on the production of pay-tv decoders, but in 1993 suffered from a loss of competitivity. With the intent to reshape its position and to get gave new life to the company, Gian Mario Rossignolo bought Brionvega from the Brion family, the founder. This attempt get to nowhere, so the company was forced to declare failure in 1997. During the years, Sèleco has passed through ups and downs, at the end being overcome by the continuous changes in the electronics world.
After the crack-down, the company and all its interests were bought by the Formenti family. That gave life to the Seleco-Formenti Group, owner of the rights for the brands Sèleco, Rex, Phonola, Imperial, Stern, Phoenix, Televideon, Kerion and Webrik.
The Formenti family re-launched the company with the production of CRT-TVs. In 2000, the company suffered of a strong crisis, following the price dumping made by Turkish manufacturers. That seems to led to end of the Sèleco and Brionvega story, as the Sèleco-Formenti Group was forced to liquidation.
In 2004, the rights for the radio branch were bought by Sim2 Multimedia, and all the television interests (for the brands Sèleco, Brionvega and Imperial) were acquired by Super//Fluo in August 2006.

THIS INDUSTRY IS TODAY DEAD !!!!

Some References:

"Twenty completed the acquisition of Sèleco". Home Appliances World. Milan: Tecniche Nuove. 27 December 2016. Retrieved 20 May 2019.
"Cessione Società" (Press release) (in Italian). A.S. Pro Piacenza 1919. 29 June 2018. Retrieved 9 September 2018.

Del Giudice, Elena (28 September 2017). "Una romana di 78 anni è la proprietaria della nuova Sèleco". Messaggero Veneto (in Italian). Retrieved 20 May 2019.

"Pro Piacenza, la società passa alla Seleco". Corriere dello Sport - Stadio (in Italian). 29 June 2018. Retrieved 13 August 2018. 
 
^ "Grazie a finanziamenti agevolati arrivano alla Sèleco 102 miliardi", articolo di Repubblica del 28 dicembre 1984 ^ "L'Electrolux minaccia la vendita della Sèleco", articolo di Repubblica del 13 novembre 1987 ^ "La Sèleco a Rossignolo e la REL va in pensione", articolo di Repubblica del 1º marzo 1991 ^ "A Sèleco il controllo della spagnola Elbe", articolo del Corriere della Sera del 18 marzo 1992 ^ "Terminato l'aumento di capitale della Sèleco", articolo del Corriere della Sera del 6 agosto 1994 ^ SELECO: COMPLETATO AUMENTO DI CAPITALE, Adnkronos, 3 agosto 1994. URL consultato il 30 giugno 2018 (archiviato il 30 giugno 2018). ^ "Sèleco, al via il rilancio anche i dipendenti soci", articolo del Corriere della Sera dell'8 settembre 1994 ^ SELECO RICAPITALIZZATA CHIAMA ALLA PRESIDENZA MARIO BORTOLUSSI, la Repubblica, 8 settembre 1994. URL consultato il 30 giugno 2018. ^ 2000/536/CE: Decisione della Commissione, del 2 giugno 1999, relativa all'aiuto di Stato concesso dall'Italia all'impresa Seleco SpA, EUR-Lex - 32000D0536 - EN. URL consultato il 21 gennaio 2018 (archiviato il 21 gennaio 2018). 

«[...] il fallimento di Seleco era stato dichiarato in data 17 aprile 1997 [...]». ^ "Super//Fluo in liquidazione. In ansia i 96 lavoratori", articolo del Messaggero Veneto del 4 marzo 2009 ^ "È A-Data uno dei partner dell'ex Sèleco", articolo del Messaggero Veneto del 28 marzo 2009 ^ "Terzo fallimento Sèleco, a casa in 97", articolo de Il Giornale del Friuli del 17 ottobre 2009 ^ Twenty acquisisce il marchio Sèleco, Editoriale Duesse-Cons. Electronics, 21 dicembre 2016 ^ Rinasce la Sèleco, previste 50 assunzioni, Messaggero Veneto, 5 aprile 2017 ^ Trieste, Sèleco sbarca in Porto vecchio del 26 settembre 2017 ^ Sèleco, il tribunale di Milano dichiara il fallimento del 16 maggio 2019 ^ Domani in campo con SELECO, articolo di sslazio.it del 29 aprile 2017 ^ Sèleco sponsor ufficiale, articolo di sslazio.it del 2 maggio 2017 ^ Cuore Napoli Basket, è ufficiale la partnership con Sèleco, articolo di iamnaples.it dell'11 maggio 2017 ^ Sèleco è il nuovo title sponsor della Nuoto Catania, articolo di seleco.it del 27 luglio 2017 ^ Presentati gli sponsor della maglia ufficiale 2017/2018, articolo di uspontedera.it del 26 agosto 2017 ^ Sèleco rafforza il legame con la S.S. Lazio posizionando il marchio Easy Life sul retro maglia, articolo di sslazio.it dell'11 agosto 2017 ^ Sèleco Home è Main sponsor dell’Unione Sportiva Salernitana 1919, articolo di seleco.it del 25 agosto 2017 ^ COMUNICATO STAMPA Archiviato il 29 giugno 2018 in Internet Archive. - propiacenza.it, 29 giu 2018 ^ Sèleco nuovo sponsor di UYBA Volley! - legavolleyfemminile.it, 1 sett 2018.