SIEMENS ELETTRA TV2355 YEAR 1964.

The SIEMENS ELETTRA TV2455 is a 24 inches B/W television entirely based on tubes and furthermore has a chassis with "dual panel PCB" Chassis style circuitry.



The set has VHF AND UHF programs with selectors search tuning.

Tuning is obtained with rotatable drum selectors for VHF and variable rotatable capacitor for UHF.
A rotatable drum containing twelve pre-defined channel-specific filters determines the received channel, where the inductors of the input matching, the channel filter and the LO tank circuit are changed. The tuner is divided into two chambers for maximum isolation between the sensitive RF input and the mixer-oscillator-IF section with its much larger signals. Also on the drum there are eventually two separate sub-modules.
It's completely based on tubes technology.

With this concept, which essentially turned the tuner module into a kind of Lego building block construction, many different tuners became possible. Depending upon the country of destination and its associated standard and IF settings, the required filter modules would be selected. Service workshops and tv fabricants could later even add or exchange modules when new channels were introduced, since every inductor module had its individual factory code and could be ordered separately. As a consequence more versions of the tuner were produced, covering at least standards B, B-for-Italy, C. E, F and M.


The principle of the drum tuner. On an axis two times 12 regularly spaced channel-specific filter modules are mounted. In front are twelve channel filter modules for both the channel filter and LO tank circuit tuning. Seven contacts are available, and one module is shown removed. The second row contains 12 modules with five contacts for the input filter circuit. In the tuner module the front section (for mixer-ocillator and channel filter) is separated by a metal shield from the rear RF input and pre-amp section. [Philips Service "Documentatie voor de kanalenkiezers met spoelenwals", 1954]

Examples of the filter modules as used in the drum tuner. Left the 5-contact input filter, right the 7-contact BPF and LO tank filters. In both modules the coils are co-axial for (maximum) mutual coupling.

The second new valve introduced in the tuners family was the PCF80, a triode-pentode combo valve specifically designed for the VHF mixer-oscillator role. First order the circuit principles didn't change too much from the previous ECC81 based generation, with the triode acting as a Colpitts oscillator with a tuned feedback from anode to grid. The oscillator voltage was minimally 5V at the grid, and would be inductively coupled to the input of the mixer pentode. This inductive coupling was achieved by putting the oscillator coil S7 and the BPF coils S5 and S6 on the same rod inside the drum tuner filter modules, see Fig.5 above. By adjusting the distance between these coils for each channel filter module, the coupling constant could be kept more or less constant across all channels, providing as much as possible a frequency-independent mixer performance. For the mixer the pentode replaced the previous triode, providing more feedback isolation between anode and grid. All in all the new tuner must have given a considerable performance improvement compared to the previous generation.



The B/W Tubes Television set was powered with a External Voltage stabiliser unit (portable metal box) which relates to voltage regulators of the type employed to supply alternating current and a constant voltage to a load circuit from a source in which the line voltage varies.Conventional AC-operated television receivers exhibit several undesirable performance attributes. For example, under low-line voltage conditions such as those encountered during peak load periods or temporary power brown-outs imposed during times of power shortage, picture shrinkage and defocusing are encountered and under extreme brown-out conditions the receiver loses synchronization with a resultant total loss of picture intelligibility.

On the other hand, abnormally high-line voltage conditions are sometimes encountered, and this can lead to excessive high voltage and X-ray generation. In addition, either abnormally high steady state line voltage conditions or high voltage transients such as those encountered during electrical storms or during power line switching operations may subject the active devices and other components of the receiver to over-voltage stresses which can lead to excessive component failure.

It is a principal object of the present invention to provide a new and improved AC-operated television receiver having greatly improved performance characteristics in the presence of fluctuating power supply voltages.

A more specific object of the invention is to provide an AC-operated television receiver affording substantially undegraded performance under even extremely low-line voltage conditions without excessive high voltage and X-ray generation under even extremely high-line voltage conditions.

Still another and extremely important object of the invention is to provide a new and improved AC-operated television receiver having greatly improved reliability against component failure. Such regulators are frequently provided employing saturable core reactors and condensers connected in circuit...  in such manner as to provide a plurality of variable voltage vectors which vary in different senses, as the line voltage varies, but which add vectorially in such manner that their vector sum remains substantially constant upon variations in line voltage, for providing automatic voltage stabilization of single or multiphase A. C. circuits where the supply voltage and frequency are subject to variation above and below normal value and where the load is subject to variation between normal limits.
voltage stabilization
is automatically effected by the provision of an inductive pilot control device which is adapted to provide two excitation supply voltages for producing excitation or satuation of two magnetic circuits of a reversible booster transformer unit or units and diversion of flux from one magnetic circuit to the other, the booster unit being energized by primary windings from the A. C. supplysystem and being provided with a secondary winding or windings connected between the supply system and the corresponding inain or distribution circuit and in series therewith, through which a corrective boost voltage is
imrorjiiced into the circuit under the influence of the pilot control device, of an amount equal to that of the supply voltage fluctuation which initiated it and appropriate in polarity and direction for restoring the voltage to normal value and providing automatic stabilization of the circuit voltage against supply voltages which fluctuate above and below normal value.

The pilot control device which may be employed singly or may comprise three units or their equivalent when applied to multiphase supply systems comprises a pair of closed magnetic circuits or cores constructed of strip wound magnetic material or stacked laminations, the two
circuits forming a pair being constructed of materials possessing dis~similar magnetic characteristics when jointly energized by identical windings in series or by a collective primary winding, the said magnetic circuits being suitably proportioned to provide equal fluxes when ener-
gized at normal voltage.

The pilot control device is provided with a main and an auxiliary secondary winding or group of windings, the main secondary winding or windings being adapted to provide a voltage representing the difference in the fluxes of the two circuits to which it is jointly associated, while
the auxiliary secondary winding embraces only one circuit, preferably that subject to the least amount of flux variation. Either of the windings consists of two equal sections or in effect a double winding with a center tapping to which one end of the single winding is connected.

The voltage in the single secondary winding of the pilot device becomes directionally additive to that in one half of the tapped secondary winding and substractive in respect to that in the other half. When the supply voltage is normal the voltage provided by the single secondary winding is zero, since there is no difference of flux in the two magnetic circuits, and the two excitation voltages
produced in the halves of the other secondary winding are equal and when connected to the two excitation windings of the booster units, do not produce any diversion of flux between the two circuits or sets of circuits in the magnetic system of the booster transformer unit become equal, and since the series winding on the booster unit is arranged to provide a voltage due to the difference of
the fluxes in its two magnetic circuits or sets of magnetic circuits, no corrective voltage is introduced into the main circuit by the booster. If, however, the supply voltage varies from normal the pilot control device provides a voltage across the one secondary winding due to the difference in the fluxes of the two dis-similar magnetic circuits of which it is comprised, which voltage is combined with thosc in the halves of the other secondary winding to provide two excitation voltages which vary complementarily to each other as the supply voltage fluotuates, and cause a transference of flux between the two
circuits or groups of circuits in the booster unit and automatically provide a corrective boost voltage in the main circuit in which the series winding of the booster transformer is includcd of a value equal to that of the variation in supply voltage which initiated it.
The pilot device may be arranged in various ways, forboth single phase and multiphase operation, as exemplified by the constructions hereinafter more fully described.Similarly, numerous arrangements of the booster transformer unit are possible, some of which are hereinafter described in detail. The booster transformer unit embodies thc principles of the inductive devices described in my co-pending Application No. 411,189, filed February 18, 1954.

As an alternative to the provision of an auxiliary secondary winding on the pilot control device this may be
replaced by an independent or external source of supply,which may be either subject to or independent of supply voltage variation, provided such supply may be arranged with a center tapping if required.

Feed-back arrangements may be employed for providing compensation against voltage drop due to the effects of load in various ways. These are preferably providedon the booster transformer unit and may comprise a current transformer in one or more lines of the main circuit,
the secondary output of the transformer being rectified and arranged to energize an additional excitation winding on the booster transformer unit which in clfect increases the amount of the corrective boost voltage as the load increases.





The tellye here shown in collection is made by TELEFUNKEN , read at the bottom history for info.
(To see the Internal Chassis Just click on Older Post Button on bottom page, that's simple !)


Siemens AG (German pronunciation: [ˈziːməns]) is a German engineering conglomerate, the largest of its kind in Europe. Siemens has international headquarters located in Berlin, MunichErlangen. The company has three main business sectors: Industry, Energy, and Healthcare; with a total of 15 divisions. and
Worldwide, Siemens and its subsidiaries employ approximately 420,800 people in nearly 190 countries and reported global revenue of 76.651 billion euros for the year of 2009.

Siemens AG is listed on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange, and has been listed on the New York Stock Exchange since March 12, 2001.


Siemens has a history that goes way back to 1847 when it was founded by Werner von Siemens. He invented world’s first pointer telegraph and electric dynamo. It was incorporated in year 1957 in India.

The Siemens Group in India has emerged as a leading inventor, innovator and implementer of leading edge technology enabled solutions operating in the core business segments of Industry, Energy and Healthcare. The Group’s business is represented by various companies that span across these various segments. Siemens brings to India state of the art technology that adds value to customers through a combination of multiple high end technologies for complete solutions. The Group has the competence and capability to integrate all products, systems and services. It caters to Industry needs across market segments by undertaking complete projects such as Hospitals, Airports and Industrial units.

The Siemens Group in India comprises of 17 companies, providing direct employment to over 18,000 persons. Currently, the group has 21 manufacturing plants, a wide network up of Sales and Service offices across the country as well as over 500 channel partners.

Today, Siemens, with its world class solutions plays a key role in India’s quest for developing modern infrastructure.

With effect from March 14, 2011, Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Ltd. (SHDL) amalgamated with Siemens Ltd. and stands dissolved. Siemens Ltd. has issued and allotted 3,134,700 Equity Shares of ` 2 each fully paid–up to the shareholders of erstwhile SHDL on 24th March, 2011. The entire business and undertaking of the company now gets transferred to and in the name of Siemens Ltd. In 2010 Siemens Home Appliances launched a washing machine model which saves energy.

In May 2011, Siemens received the Certificate of Registration from the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to operate a non banking finance company for its financial services business in India, Siemens Financial Services Private Limited (SFSPL). SFSPL will focus on developing an asset financing business by offering products such as loans, leasing and other finance products as permitted by the RBI to Siemens customers in India in the Industry, Energy and Healthcare sectors, as well as pursuing opportunities in other third party markets.

In August 2011, the Healthcare Sector of Siemens Ltd. installed five state of the art medical technologies at Kovai Medical Center & Hospital in Coimbatore, raising quality and efficiency of healthcare availability in this city. Making its presence for the first time in Tamil Nadu, these technologies allow highly accurate and early diagnosis of all kinds of ailments, thus aiding precise treatment.

Founder generation

Siemens & Halske was founded by Werner von Siemens on 12 October 1847. Based on the telegraph, his invention used a needle to point to the sequence of letters, instead of using Morse code. The company, then called Telegraphen-Bauanstalt von Siemens & Halske, opened its first workshop on October 12.
In 1848, the company built the first long-distance telegraph line in Europe; 500 km from Berlin to Frankfurt am Main. In 1850 the founder's younger brother, Carl Wilhelm Siemens started to represent the company in London. In the 1850s, the company was involved in building long distance telegraph networks in Russia. In 1855, a company branch headed by another brother, Carl Heinrich von Siemens, opened in St Petersburg, Russia. In 1867, Siemens completed the monumental Indo-European (Calcutta to London) telegraph line.
In 1881, a Siemens AC Alternator driven by a watermill was used to power the world's first electric street lighting in the town of Godalming, United Kingdom. The company continued to grow and diversified into electric trains and light bulbs. In 1890, the founder retired and left the company to his brother Carl and sons Arnold and Wilhelm.

Turn of the century

See also: Siemens-Schuckert

Siemens & Halske (S&H) was incorporated in 1897, and then merged parts of its activities with Schuckert &; Co., Nuremberg in 1903 to become Siemens-Schuckert.
In 1907 Siemens (Siemens & Halske and Siemens-Schuckert) had 34,324 employees and was the seventh-largest company in the German empire by number of employees. (see List of German companies by employees in 1907)
In 1919, S&H and two other companies jointly formed the Osram lightbulb company. A Japanese subsidiary was established in 1923.
During the 1920s and 1930s, S&H started to manufacture radios, television sets, and electron microscopes.
In 1932, Reiniger, Gebbert & Schall (Erlangen), Phönix AG (Rudolstadt) and Siemens-Reiniger-Veifa mbH (Berlin) merged to form the Siemens-Reiniger-Werke AG (SRW), the third of the so-called parent companies that merged in 1966 to form the present-day Siemens AG.
In the 1930s Siemens constructed the Ardnacrusha Hydro Power station on the River ShannonIrish Free State, and it was a world first for its design. The company is remembered for its desire to raise the wages of its under-paid workers only to be overruled by the Cumann na nGaedheal government. in the then

World War II era

A Siemens truck being used as a Nazi public address vehicle in 1932

Preceding World War II, Siemens was involved in funding the rise of the Nazi Party and the secret rearmament of Germany. During the second World War, Siemens supported the Hitlerconcentration camps to build electric switches for military uses. In one example, almost 100,000 men and women from Auschwitz worked in a Siemens factory inside the camp, supplying the electricity to the camp. regime, contributed to the war effort and participated in the "Nazification" of the economy. Siemens had many factories in and around notorious
Siemens businessman and Nazi Party member John Rabe is credited with saving hundreds of thousands of Chinese lives during the Nanking Massacre. He later toured Germany lecturing on the atrocities committed in Nanking.
In the 1950s and from their new base in Bavaria, S;H started to manufacture computers, semiconductor devices, washing machines, and pacemakers.
In 1966, Siemens &;; Halske (S&H, founded in 1847), Siemens-Schuckertwerke (SSW, founded in 1903) and Siemens-Reiniger-Werke (SRW, founded in 1932) merged to form Siemens AG.
In 1969, Siemens formed Kraftwerk Union with AEG by pooling their nuclear power businesses.
The company's first digital telephone exchange was produced in 1980. In 1988 Siemens and GECPlessey. Plessey's holdings were split, and Siemens took over the avionics, radar and traffic control businesses — as Siemens Plessey. acquired the UK defence and technology company
In 1985 Siemens bought Allis-Chalmers' interest in the partnership company Siemens-Allis (formed 1978) which supplied electrical control equipment. It was incorporated into Siemens' Energy and Automation division.
In 1987, Siemens reintegrated Kraftwerk Union, the unit overseeing nuclear power business.
In 1991, Siemens acquired Nixdorf Computer AG and renamed it Siemens Nixdorf Informationssysteme AG, in order to produce personal computers.
In October 1991, Siemens acquired the Industrial Systems Division of Texas Instruments, Inc, based in Johnson City, Tennessee. This division was organized as Siemens Industrial Automation, Inc., and was later absorbed by Siemens Energy and Automation, Inc.
In 1997 Siemens agreed to sell the defence arm of Siemens Plessey to British Aerospace (BAe) and a German aerospace company, DaimlerChrysler Aerospace. BAe and DASA acquired the British and German divisions of the operation respectively.
In 1999, Siemens' semiconductor operations were spun off into a new company known as Infineon Technologies. Also, Siemens Nixdorf Informationssysteme AG formed part of Fujitsu Siemens Computers AG in that year. The retail banking technology group became Wincor Nixdorf.

In 2000 Shared Medical Systems Corporation was acquired by the Siemens' Medical Engineering Group, eventually becoming part of Siemens Medical Solutions.
Also in 2000 Atecs-Mannesman was acquired by Siemens, The sale was finalised in April 2001 with 50% of the shares acquired, acquisition, Mannesmann VDO AG merged into Siemens Automotive forming Siemens VDO Automotive AG, Atecs Mannesmann Dematic SystemsMannesmann Demag Delaval merged into the Power Generation division of Siemens AG Other parts of the company were acquired by Robert Bosch GmbH at the same time. merged into Siemens Production and Logistics forming Siemens Dematic AG,
In 2001 Chemtech Group of Brazil was incorporated into the Siemens Group, the company provides industrial process optimisation, consultancy and other engineering services
Also in 2001, Siemens formed joint venture Framatome with Areva SA of France by merging much of their nuclear businesses.

Siemens in Italy

1855
S&H establishes its first business connections with Italy.
1880
S&H appoints G. Taddei in Turin as the general agent for all its products.
1899
The first Siemens company, the Società Italiana Siemens per Impianti Elettrici, is founded in Milan.
1903
The Società Italiana Siemens and the Società Anonima Italiana Schuckert & Co. are merged to form the Società Italiana di Elettricità Siemens-Schuckert (SIE), Milan.
1910
SIE builds one of the first pumped-storage hydroelectric power plants in the world in Stura di Viu.
1921
S&H and SSW establish a new sales company in Milan under the name of Siemens Società Anonima.
1942
The Italian Siemens companies merge to form Siemens Società per Azioni, Milan.
1959
Siemens Elettra S.p.A. Milan is founded (SEM).
1978
SEM supplies the electrical equipment for the world’s largest purpose-built ship for laying pipelines in the sea (Castoro VI).
1987
SEM is renamed Siemens S.p.A.
1990
The football stadiums of Milan, Verona, Bari and Florence are equipped by Siemens with new floodlight systems for the World Football Championships.
2003
Siemens Business Services installs the largest mobile emergency call system in Europe for the Italian Carabinieri.
2003
Siemens introduces the first designer cordless phone together with Italian designer Alessi
2006
Siemens wins a contract to expand or construct baggage handling systems in three major Italian airports

The tellye here in collection is fabricated in Italy by TELEFUNKEN RADIO TELEVISIONE MILANO which was at the time the Italian TELEFUNKEN factory.
This factory was even well known for his radio production in ancient times.



In brief:
Telefunken (WAS) is a German radio and television apparatus company, founded in 1903, in Berlin, as a joint venture of two large companies, Siemens & Halske (S & H) and the Allgemeine Elektricitäts-Gesellschaft (General Electricity Company).

The name "Telefunken" appears in:

* the product brand name "Telefunken";
* AEG subsidiary as Telefunken GmbH in 1955;
* AEG subsidiary as Telefunken AG in 1963;
* company merged as AEG-Telefunken (1967–1985);
* the company "Telefunken USA" (2001). Now Telefunken Elektroakustik (2009)
* the company "Telefunken semiconductor GmbH & Co KG" Heilbronn Germany (2009).
* the company "Telefunken Lighting technologies S,L" (2009)

The company Telefunken USA[1] was incorporated in early 2001 to provide restoration services and build reproductions of vintage Telefunken microphones.

Around the turn of the 20th century, two groups of German researchers worked on the development of techniques for wireless communication. The one group at AEG, led by Adolf Slaby and Georg Graf von Arco, developed systems for the German navy; the other one, under Karl Ferdinand Braun, at Siemens, for the German army.

When a dispute concerning patents arose between the two companies, Kaiser Wilhelm II decided that the two companies were to be joined, creating on 27 May 1903 the company Gesellschaft für drahtlose Telegraphie System Telefunken ("The Company for Wireless Telegraphy Ltd."), and the disputed patents and techniques were invested in it. This was then renamed on 17 April 1923 as Telefunken, The Company for Wireless Telegraphy. Telefunken was the company's telegraph address. The first technical director of Telefunken was George Graf von Arco.

Starting in 1923, Telefunken built broadcast transmitters and radio sets.

In 1928, Telefunken made history by designing the V-41 amplifier for the German Radio Network. This was the very first two stage, "Hi-Fi" amplifier which began a chapter in recording history. Over time, Telefunken perfected their designs and in 1950 the V-72 amplifier was born. The TAB (a manufacturing subcontractor to Telefunken) V-72 soon became popular with other radio stations and recording facilities and would eventually come to help define the sound of most European recordings. The V-72S was the only type of amplifier found in the legendary REDD-37 console used by the Beatles at Abbey Road Studios on every recording prior to Rubber Soul. Today the V-72 is still the most sought after example of Telefunken's design and over 50 years later continues to be the benchmark by which all other tube based microphone preamplifiers are measured. In 1932, record players were added to the product line.

In 1941 Siemens transferred its Telefunken shares to AEG as part of the agreements known as the "Telefunken settlement", and AEG thus became the sole owner and continued to lead Telefunken as a subsidiary (starting in 1955 as "Telefunken GmbH" and from 1963 as "Telefunken AG").

During the Second World War Telefunken was a supplier of vacuum tubes, transmitters and radio relay systems, and developed radar facilities and directional finders, aiding extensively to the German air defense against British-American Aerial Bombing. During the war, manufacturing plants were shifted to and developed in West Germany or relocated. Thus, Telefunken, under AEG, turned into the smaller subsidiary, with the three divisions realigning and data processing technology, elements as well as broadcast, television and phono. Telefunken had substantial successes in these markets during the time of self-sufficiency and also later in the AEG company. Telefunken was also the originator of the FM radio broadcast system. Telefunken, through the subsidiary company Teldec (a joint venture with Decca Records), was for many decades one of the largest German record companies, until Teldec was sold to WEA in 1988.

In 1959, Telefunken established a modern semiconductor works in Heilbronn, where in April 1960 production began. The works was expanded several times, and in 1970 a new 6-storey building was built at the northern edge of the area. At the beginning of the 1970s it housed approximately 2,500 employees.

In 1967, Telefunken was merged with AEG, which was then renamed to AEG-Telefunken. During this era, Walter Bruch developed the PAL color television for the company, in use by most countries outside the Americas today (i.e. United Kingdom - PAL-I), and by Brazil (PAL-M) and Argentina (PAL-N) in South America.

The mainframe computer TR 4 was developed at Telefunken in Backnang, and the TR 440 model was developed at Telefunken in Konstanz. They were in use at many German university computing centres from the 1970s to around 1985. The development and manufacture of large computers was separated in 1974 to the Konstanz Computer Company (CGK). The production of mini- and process computers was integrated into the automatic control engineering division of AEG. When AEG was bought by Daimler in 1985, "Telefunken" was dropped from the company name.

In 2005, Telefunken Sender Systeme Berlin changed its name to Transradio SenderSysteme Berlin AG. The name "Transradio" dates back to 1918, when Transradio was founded as a subsidiary of Telefunken. A year later, in 1919, Transradio made history by introducing duplex transmission. Transradio has specialized in research, development and design of modern AM, VHF/FM and DRM broadcasting systems.

In August 2006, it acquired the Turkish company Profilo Telra, one of the largest European manufacturers of TV-devices, with Telefunken GmbH granting a license for the Telefunken trademark rights and producing televisions under that name. In 2000, Toni Roger Fishman acquired The Diamond Shaped Logo & The Telefunken Brand Name for use in North America. The company "Telefunken USA" [2] was incorporated in early 2001 to provide restoration services and build reproductions of vintage Telefunken microphones. In 2003, Telefunken USA won a TEC Award for Studio Microphone Technology for their exact reproduction of the original Ela M 250 / 251 Microphone system. Telefunken USA has since received several TEC Awards nominations for the following microphone systems: the Telefunken USA M12 or C12 (originally developed by AKG), the R-F-T M16 MkII, and the AK47. The Historic Telefunken Ela M251 microphone system entered the MIX foundation's Hall of fame in 2006. In 2008, Telefunken USA won a second TEC Award for its new Ela M 260 microphone.

As a result of a conference held in Frankfurt in May 2009, Telefunken USA has been renamed Telefunken Elektroakustik ("Electrical Acoustics") Division of Telefunken and awarded the exclusive rights to manufacture a wide variety of professional audio products and vacuum tubes bearing the Telefunken Trade Mark, in over 27 countries worldwide. Telefunken Elektroakustik now uses the Telefunken trademark for Professional Audio Equipment & Component Based Electronics, such as Capacitors, Transformers, Vacuum Tubes in North America, South America, Europe, Asia and Australia.

TELEFUNKEN HISTORY:

1903 – 1922
TWO ARCH RIVALS. ONE INNOVATIVE COMPANY

At the beginning of the last century, two rival research groups were working in the field of
wireless telegraphy. The Slaby-Arco group was represented by the radio-telegraphy department
of AEG, founded in 1899. The other as the Braun-Siemens group, represented by a company
called Gesellschaft für drahtlose Telegraphie, System Prof. Braun und Siemens & Halske
GmbH. Under the advice of Emporer Wilhelm II, the two groups merged to form the
Gesellschaft für drahtlose Telegraphie mbH company on May 27, 1903. And the rest is history.




A TELEFUNKEN FIRST
The very first Telefunken customers were the German Army and the Imperial Navy.
Telefunken was proud to deliver the first two transmitters for the new coastal radio station, Norddeich
Radio, in November 1905. In October 1906, the expansion of a much larger Nauen station was
completed with a range of 300 km and HF output of 10 kW. Welcome to the power of
Telefunken.


MEET DR. TELEFUNKEN

Dr. Georg Graf Von Arco was the first Technical Director and Managing Director of the
Gesellschaft für drahtlose Telegraphie mbH in 1903. He was also the holder of more than one
hundred patents. Among other inventions, he initiated the high-frequency mechanical
transmitter and the wavemeter. Necessity is the mother of invention. Or in this case, German
inventions.


1923 – 1936
TELEFUNKEN GOES COMMERCIAL

On April 17, 1904, the company changed its name to "Telefunken, Gesellschaft für drahtlose
Telegraphie", and on July 26, 1932 Telefunkenplatte GmbH officially began its commercial
activity with registered capital of 100,000 Reichsmarks.
The station in the Telefunken building, Tempelhofer Ufer 9 in Berlin, began broadcasting
concerts regularly two and a half months before the official start of the "Deutsche
Rundfunkverkehr". The world tour of the Graf Zeppelin airship in 1929 got off the ground by
using Telefunken transmitters, receivers and directional equipment exclusively.
Also, on October 31, 1928, during the 5th Grand German Radio Exhibition in Berlin, Telefunken
presented a television set with the Karolus-Telefunken system, a scanning process of film
images through a Mechau projector with a Nipkow disk, in public for the first time.


MEET TELEFUNKEN’S MAD SCIENTISTS

Dr. Hans Bredow is considered to be the "Father of Broadcasting". He was employed at
Telefunken from 1904 to 1919 as a Project Manager, and later as Managing Director.
Prof. Dr. Walter Bruch developed the very first electronic television camera, with which he
participated in the live broadcast of the Olympic Summer Games in Berlin in 1936. He also
earned international fame by inventing the PAL color television system. He joined Telefunken's
Television and Physical Research Department in 1935.
These two innovators thought out of the “TV box” and helped shape and make Telefunken what
it is today.


WELCOME TO RADIO TELEFUNKEN

The German radio station in Zeesen near Königswusterhausen (8 kW shortwave transmitter) was built by Telefunken and was officially placed in service on August 28, 1929. The Mühlacker radio station (60 kW output) was handed over on December 20, 1930. Telefunken is now in, and on, the air.


TELEFUNKEN GOES FOR THE GOLD, SILVER AND BRONZE

In 1935, Telefunken equipped the Olympic Stadium, the Maifeld and the Dietrich-Eckhardt
Stage with electrical-acoustic equipment for the Olympics. On August 1, 1936 at the XI Olympic
Summer Games in Berlin, an electronic television camera, known as the Ikonoskop, was used
for the first time for a direct transmission. Again, another Telefunken first. And second. And third
1936- 1954


NOW PLAYING ON CHANNEL TELEFUNKEN

The first fully electronic television studio equipped by Telefunken for the Deutsche Reichspost
was opened with a live broadcast in August 1938. The 500 kW long wave transmitter in
Herzberg, also known as the most powerful German broadcast transmitter, was supplied by
Telefunken and began to operate on May 19, 1939.


IT’S NOT A MERGER. IT’S A POWERHOUSE

On September 24, 1941, AEG took over the 50% of Telefunken shares owned by Siemens &
Halske AG valued at 20 million Reichsmarks. Thus, Telefunken became a 100% subsidiary of
AEG. In exchange, Siemens & Halske AG received the shares of Eisenbahn-Signalwerken,
Klangfilmgesellschaft mbH and Deutsche Betriebsgesellschaft für drahtlose Telegraphie
(DEBEG) owned by AEG. Strength in numbers, indeed.


POST WWII

The reconstruction after the World War II posed a particularly difficult challenge to Telefunken.
All production facilities and equipment were destroyed, disassembled or confiscated and many
valuable experts were scattered around the world. Rebuilding began in West Germany and
Berlin in 1945, and the production of tubes and transmitters was resumed the same year. But
growth was on the way.



THE TELEFUNKEN COME BACK

In 1953 Telefunken already comprised six plants and five sales offices in Berlin, Ulm,
Frankfurt/Main and Hanover again.The range of products consisted of long-range
communications systems, radio and television transmitters, marine radios, commercial
receivers, directional and navigation systems, radar devices, deci and UHF directional radio
connections, mobile radio systems, portable radio systems, HF heat generators, measuring
equipment, electro-acoustical systems, music centers, record players, transmitter tubes, radio
tubes, special tubes and quartz crystals. As you can see, Telefunken was relentless and has
come a long way.


PROF. DR. DR. WILHELM T. RUNGE THE FIRST

Prof. Dr. Dr. Wilhelm T. Runge (1895-1987) performed trailblazing work in radio and radar
technology and played a significant role in the development of microwave in Germany. He was
especially renowned internationally in the field of high-frequency technology. As well as for
having a few, very important titles before his name.


1955 – 1962
AS TELEFUNKEN GROWS, SO DOES ITS NET WORTH

The name of the company was changed to Telefunken GmbH on January 4, 1955. Due to the
expanded business activities of Telefunken, AEG increased the capital of the company to DM
100 million in 1958.


THE FIRST GERMAN STEREO STUDIO. BROUGHT TO YOU BY TELEFUNKEN

The Sender Freies Berlin (SFB) station ordered the first German stereo studio in 1961. The
harbor radar system, supplied by Telefunken, was officially placed for service in Hamburg
Harbor in August 1962, while the first German transistor receiver (six transistors) was produced
in a test series in 1956. Prof. Dr. Walter Bruch filed the fundamental PAL "time decoder" patent
on December 31, 1962. It was the first German stereo studio of its kind, and Telefunken sought
to it that there was nothing else quite like it.


1963-1978
WHAT’S IN A NAME?

Telefunken GmbH became Telefunken AG on July 5, 1963. On June 23, 1966, the General
Shareholder Meeting of AEG passed a resolution to integrate Telefunken AG into Allgemeine
Elektrizitäts-Gesellschaft. Based on an operating lease agreement, the business activities of
Telefunken were transferred to AEG effective January 1, 1967, and were continued under the
combined name AEG-Telefunken. In March 1968, AEG-Telefunken developed a new mediumrange
radar system (Type SER-LL), which was able to detect targets at an altitude of 24,000
meters at a distance of 280 kilometers. Telefunken expands on land, as well as in the air.


TAPE RECORDERS WORTH MILLIONS

AEG-Telefunken delivered the two-millionth tape recorder, a Magnetophon 204 TS, on August
5, 1969. The ten-millionth black-and-white television picture tube was produced in Ulm on
January 27, 1970. The numbers are astounding. As is Telefunken.AEG-Telefunken delivered the
two-millionth tape recorder, a Magnetophon 204 TS, on August 5, 1969. The ten-millionth
black-and-white television picture tube was produced in Ulm on January 27, 1970. The
numbers are astounding. As is Telefunken.


ECONOMIC SLOWDOWN

There was a worldwide economic slowdown in the wake of the oil crisis in 1974. The
competition in consumer electronics sector also became more difficult due to Japanese
suppliers. The only profitable divisions of the company at this time were telecommunications
and traffic technology. But Telefunken, as usual, was known for their resilience.


1979- 1983
THE NAME GAME CONTINUES

The name of the overall company was changed to AEG-Telefunken Aktiengesellschaft on June
21, 1979. The "Aktiengesellschaft" [stock corporation] suffix was necessary due to a new law in
the European Community. In 1979, AEG-Telefunken supplied the complete telecommunications
and high-voltage equipment for the International Congress Center (ICC) Berlin, valued at DM 50
million. In January 1983 the company received an order for simulation systems for electronic
battle simulation for training Tornado crews of the German Luftwaffe and Navy. The total value
was at DM 37 million. The net worth: priceless.


TOUGH TIMES FOR TELEFUNKEN

Court composition proceedings were opened against the assets of AEG-Telefunken AG by the
District Court in Frankfurt / Main on October 31, 1982.
The District Court Frankfurt / Main confirmed the composition of AEG-Telefunken AG in
accordance with the petition filed and closed the proceedings on September 19, 1984.
Even during this difficult financial situation, AEG-Telefunken continued its business and founded
AEG-Telefunken Nachrichtentechnik GmbH (ATN), in Backnang, Germany, together with
Bosch, Mannesmann and Allianz Versicherungs-AG in 1981, as well as Telefunken electronic
GmbH (TEG) in the field of electronic components (semiconductors) together with United
Technologies Corporation (UTC), USA in 1982.
On July 1, 1992, AEG-Telefunken and Deutsche Aerospace (Dasa) founded Telefunken
Microelektronic GmbH (TEMIC), into which Telefunken Elektronic GmbH was integrated among
others. But Telefunken was determined to prevail.


A FINAL, BUT NOT LAST, TURN

Effective March 31, 1983, the French group Thomson-Brandt S.A. took over 75 percent of the
AEG-Telefunken shares in Telefunken Fernseh und Rundfunk GmbH, Hanover, Germany,
including its German and foreign subsidiaries. The remaining 25 percent were supposed to
follow on January 31, 1984. Daimler-Benz AG entered the company in autumn of 1985 and
decided in Autumn 1995 to dissolve the legal entity and transferred the remaining assets to
EHG Electroholding GmbH. Thus, the history of the company was over. But not that of its
brands.
A historical overview is offered by the company archive of AEG-Telefunken in the "Deutsches
Technikmusem Berlin", Trebbiner Str. 9, 10963 Berlin.


1984 – 2004
INNOVATION YESTERDAY. TODAY. AND TOMORROW

Currently, the Telefunken brand and name rights lie with Telefunken Licenses GmbH,
Frankfurt/Main, Germany. This company is one hundred percent subsidiary of EHG
Elektroholding GmbH, Frankfurt/Main.
EHG, on the other hand, is the legal successor of AEG Aktiengesellschaft. The licensor is
Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs GmbH, Frankfurt/Main, Germany. A differentiation is made
between brand licensing agreements, name use agreements and combined agreements. And
third-party use always requires the written approval of the licensor.
In 2003, Telefunken can look back at one-hundred years of brand history. In the past,
Telefunken was associated with significant technical developments and enjoyed the reputation
of a successful German company.
The Telefunken brand is registered in the official trademark registries of 118 countries. It
continues to be used under a variety of licensing agreements.
These are the topics that can be found in the commemorative volume "Telefunken After 100
Years - The Legacy of a Global German Brand."
Whether discovered on this website or in book, these topics should not only focus attention on
the past, but also simultaneously highlight the beginning of a strong Telefunken brand. Simply
put, it’s not just about where we’ve been. But also where we’re going.


2004 – 2009
TELEFUNKEN TODAY

Since December 2007, the trademark-right TELEFUNKEN rests with TELEFUNKEN Holding
AG, Frankfurt. Currently, TELEFUNKEN is the owner of more than 20,000 patents and active in over 130 countries around the globe.
Today, TELEFUNKEN stands for innovation and progress in the ever-changing world of
information and communications technology and is strictly focused on consumer quality – from
design concept to execution. And because of its strong heritage and long-standing tradition,
Telefunken has a high brand-awareness and a clear positioning in the field of premium
products.

A good point  on good  old  B/W Televisions.....................

The Sixties was a time of great change for TV. At the start of the decade there were just monochrome sets with valves, designed for 405 -line transmissions at VHF. By the end there was 625 -line colour at UHF, with transistorised chassis that used the odd IC.

The following decade was one of growth. The "space race" had begun in 1957, when the USSR launched Sputnik 1 and terrified the Americans. Thereafter the USA began to spend countless billions of dollars on space missions. This got underway in earnest in the Sixties, with the announcement that America would be going all out to get a man on the moon by the end of the decade. There followed the Mercury series of earth - orbit missions, then the Apollo launches. Success was achieved in 1969. Most of these missions were televised, and in those days anything to do with space was hot stuff. It was inevitable that everyone wanted to have a television set. At the time an average receiver would be a monochrome one with a 14in. tube - there was no colour until 1967. It would cost about 75 guineas. 
TV sets were often priced in guineas (21 shillings) as it made the price look a bit easier on the pocket. Anyway 75 guineas, equivalent to about £78.75 in 2000's currency, was a lot of money then.  For those who couldn't, rental was a good option. The Sixties was a period of tremendous growth for rental TV. 
Much else was rented at that time, even radios, also washing machines, spin driers, refrigerators and, later on, audio tape recorders (no VCRs then). 
For most people these things were too expensive for cash purchase. 
There were no credit cards then. And when it came to a TV set, the question of reli- ability had to be taken into account: renting took care of repair costs. 

TV reliability.........The TV sets of the period were notoriously unreliable. They still used valves, which meant that a large amount of heat was generated. The dropper resistor contributed to this: it was used mainly as a series device to reduce the mains voltage to the level required to power the valve heaters. These were generally connected in series, so the heater volt- ages of all the valves were added together and the total was subtracted from the mains voltage. The difference was the voltage across the heater section of the dropper resistor, whose value was determined by simple application of Ohm's Law. 
As valves are voltage -operated devices, there was no need to stabilise the current. So the power supply circuits in TV sets were very simple. They often consisted of nothing more than a dropper resistor, a half or biphase rectifier and a couple of smoothing capacitors. If a TV set had a transformer and a full wave rectifier in addition to the other components, it was sophisticated!
 As the valve heaters were connected in series they were like Christmas -tree lights: should one fail they all went out and the TV set ceased to function. Another common problem with valves is the cathode -to -heater short. When this fault occurs in a valve, some of the heaters in the chain would go out and some would stay on. Those that stayed on would glow like search- lights, often becoming damaged as a result. Dropper failure could cause loss of HT (dead set with the heaters glowing), or no heater supply with HT present. When the HT rectifier valve went low emission, there was low EHT, a small picture and poor performance all round. CRTs would go soft or low emission, the result being a faint picture, or cathode -to -heater short-circuit, the result this time being uncontrollable brightness. On average a TV set would have twelve to fourteen valves, any one of which could go low -emission or fail in some other way. All valves have a finite life, so each one would probably have to be replaced at one time or another. The amount of heat generated in an average TV set would dry out the capacitors, which then failed. So you can see why people rented! 

The CRT could cause various problems. Because of its cost, it was the gen- eral practice to place its heater at the earthy end of the chain. In this position it was less likely to be overloaded by a heater chain fault. But during the winter months, when the mains voltage dropped a bit, it would be starved of power. This would eventually lead to 'cathode poi- soning' with loss of emission. The 'cure' for this was to fit a booster transformer designed to overrun the heater by 10, 20 or 30 per cent. It would work fine for a while, until the CRT completely expired. At about this time CRT reactivators came into being - and a weird and wonderful collection of devices they turned out to be. Regunned tubes also started to appear. You couldn't do this with the `hard -glass' triode tubes made by Emitron. These were fitted in a number of older sets. Yes, they were still around, at least during the early Sixties.



Developments................... A great deal of development occurred during the Sixties. Many TV sets and radios made in the early Sixties were still hard -wired: the introduction of the printed circuit board changed the construction of electronic equipment forever. The first one was in a Pam transistor radio. PCBs were ideal for use in transistor radios, because of the small size of the components used and the fact that such radios ran almost cold. 
They were not so good for use with valve circuitry, as the heat from the valves caused all sorts of problems. Print cracks could develop if a board became warped. If it became carbonised there could be serious leakage and tracking problems. In addition it was more difficult to remove components from a PCB. Many technicians at that time didn't like PCBs. As the Sixties progressed, transistors took over more and more in TV sets. They first appeared in a rather random fashion, for example in the sync separator stages in some Pye models. Then the IF strip became transistorised. Early transistors were based on the use of germanium, which was far from ideal. 

The change to silicon produced devices that were more robust and had a better signal-to-noise ratio. 
Car radios became fully transistorised, and 'solid-state' circuitry ceased to be based on earlier valve arrangements. Many hi-fi amplifiers had been transistorised from the late Fifties, and all tape recorders were now solid-state. 
Both reel-to-reel and compact -cassette recorders were available at this time. Initially, audio cassette recorders had a maximum upper frequency response of only about 9kHz. 
To increase it meant either a smaller head gap or a faster speed. Philips, which developed the compact audio cassette and holds the patents for the design (which we still use in 2000!) wouldn't allow an increase in speed. Good reel-to-reel recorders had a fre- quency response that extended to 20kHz when the tape speed was 15in./sec. 
This is true hi-fi. In time the frequency response of compact -cassette recorders did improve, because of the use of better head materials with a smaller gap. 
This led to the demise of the reel-to-reel audio recorder as a domestic product We began to benefit from spin-offs of the space race between the USA and the USSR. 
The need to squeeze as much technology as possible into the early computers in the Mercury space capsules used by the USA lead to the first inte- grated circuits. 
This technology soon found its way into consumer equipment. Often these devices were hybrid encap- sulations rather than true chips, but they did improve reliability and saved space. The few chips around in those days were analogue devices.  To start with most UHF tuners used valves such as the PC86 and PC88. They were all manually tuned. Some had slow-motion drives and others had push -buttons. They didn't have a lot of gain, so it was important to have an adequate aerial and use low -loss cable..............................

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Further reading

Weiher, Siegfried von /Herbert Goetzeler (1984). The Siemens Company, Its Historical Role in the Progress of Electrical Engineering 1847–1980, 2nd ed. Berlin and Munich.
Feldenkirchen, Wilfried (2000). Siemens, From Workshop to Global Player, Munich.
Feldenkirchen, Wilfried / Eberhard Posner (2005): The Siemens Entrepreneurs, Continuity and Change, 1847–2005, Ten Portraits, Munich.
Greider, William (1997). One World, Ready or Not. Penguin Press. ISBN 0-7139-9211-5.
Margarete Buber: 303f As prisoners of Stalin and Hitler, Frankf / Main, Berlin 1993
See Carola Sachse: Jewish forced labor and non-Jewish women and men at Siemens from 1940 to 1945, in: International Scientific Correspondence, No. 1/1991, pp. 12–24; Karl-Heinz Roth: forced labor in the Siemens Group (1938 -1945). Facts, controversies, problems, in: Hermann Kaienburg (ed.): concentration camps and the German Economy 1939–1945 (Social studies, H. 34), Opladen 1996, pp. 149–168; Wilfried Feldenkirchen: 1918–1945 Siemens, Munich 1995, Ulrike fire, Claus Füllberg-Stolberg, Sylvia Kempe: work at Ravensbrück concentration camp, in: Women in concentration camps. Bergen-Belsen. Ravensbrück, Bremen, 1994, pp. 55–69; Ursula Krause-Schmitt: The path to the Siemens stock led past the crematorium, in: Information. German Resistance Study Group, Frankfurt / Main, 18 Jg, No. 37/38, Nov. 1993, pp. 38–46; Sigrid Jacobeit: working at Siemens in Ravensbrück, in: Dietrich Eichholz (eds) War and economy. Studies on German economic history 1939–1945, Berlin 1999.
Bundesarchiv Berlin, NS 19, No. 968, Communication on the creation of the barracks for the Siemens & Halske, the planned production and the planned expansion for 2,500 prisoners "after direct discussions with this company": Economic and Administrative Main Office of the SS ( WVHA), Oswald Pohl, secretly, to Reichsführer SS (RFSS), Heinrich Himmler, dated 20 October 1942.
Karl-Heinz Roth: forced labor in the Siemens Group, with a summary table, page 157 See also Ursula Krause-Schmitt: "The road to Siemens stock led to the crematorium past over," pp. 36f, where, according to the catalogs of the International Tracing Service Arolsen and Martin Weinmann (eds.).. The Nazi camp system, Frankfurt / Main 1990 and Feldkirchen: Siemens 1918–1945, pp. 198–214, and in particular the associated annotations 91–187.
MSS in the estate include Wanda Kiedrzy'nska, in: National Library of Poland, Warsaw, Manuscript Division, Sygn. akc 12013/1 and archive the memorial I/6-7-139 RA: see also: Woman Ravensbruck concentration camp. An overall presentation, State Justice Administration in Ludwigsburg, IV ART 409-Z 39/59, April 1972, pp. 129ff.

Literatur

Ute Böhme: Die Enteignung von Großbetrieben und der Aufbau einer sozialistischen Planwirtschaft in der Sowjetischen Besatzungszone (SBZ). 1945 bis 1949. Am Beispiel der Firma Siemens. Hrsg.: Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg. Erlangen-Nürnberg 2006, urn:nbn:de:bvb:29-opus-4147 (Dissertation).
Karl Burhenne: Siemens. In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Band 55, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1910, S. 203–228.
F. C. Delius: Unsere Siemens-Welt – Eine Festschrift zum 125-jährigen Bestehen des Hauses S. Erweiterte Neuausgabe, 1. Auflage. Rotbuch-Verlag, Berlin 1995, ISBN 3-88022-480-3.
Wilfried Feldenkirchen: Siemens : 1918–1945. Piper, München 1995, ISBN 3-492-03798-4.
Wilfried Feldenkirchen: Siemens. Von der Werkstatt zum Weltunternehmen. 2. Auflage. Piper, München 2003, ISBN 3-492-04534-0.
Wilfried Feldenkirchen, Eberhard Posner: Die Siemens-Unternehmer. Kontinuität und Wandel 1847–2005. Zehn Portraits. Piper, München 2005, ISBN 3-492-04801-3.
Heidrun Homburg: Rationalisierung und Industriearbeit: Arbeitsmarkt, Management, Arbeiterschaft im Siemens-Konzern Berlin 1900–1939. Haude & Spener, Berlin 1991, ISBN 3-7759-0329-1, S. 306–310.
Günther Klebes: 100 Jahre elektrische Zugförderung – 100 Jahre elektrische Triebfahrzeuge von Siemens. Eisenbahn-Kurier-Verlag, Freiburg Br 1979. ISBN 3-88255-823-7
Miron Mislin: Industriearchitektur in Berlin 1840–1910. Wasmuth Verlag, Tübingen 2002, ISBN 3-8030-0617-1.
Carola Sachse: Siemens, der Nationalsozialismus und die moderne Familie: eine Untersuchung zur sozialen Rationalisierung in Deutschland im 20. Jahrhundert. Rasch & Röhring, Hamburg 1990, ISBN 3-89136-374-5.
Georg Siemens: Der Weg der Elektrotechnik: Geschichte d. Hauses Siemens. Alber, Freiburg, München 1961, DNB 454696337.
„… warum es lebenswichtig ist, die Erinnerung wachzuhalten.“ Zwangsarbeit für Siemens in Auschwitz und Berlin. Dokumentation einer Begegnung mit ehemaligen KZ-Häftlingen, hrsg. Zwangsarbeit erinnern e. V., Mit Interiew-DVD, Redaktion: Thomas Irmer, Berlin: Metropol, 2006
Frank Wittendorfer, Wilfried Feldenkirchen, Martin L. Müller, Sabine Dittler: Siemens. In: Neue Deutsche Biographie (NDB). Band 24, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-428-11205-0, S. 369–380 (Digitalisat).

Weblinks:

 Commons: Siemens – Sammlung von Bildern, Videos und Audiodateien
 Wikinews: Portal:Siemens – in den Nachrichten
Offizielle Website des Unternehmens
Seiten zur Unternehmensgeschichte
Dietmar H. Lamparter: Nur Gewinner dürfen bleiben – Skandale, Krisen – und neues Wachstum: Die Siemens-Welt wird umgekrempelt. Eine Reise zu den Baustellen des Großkonzerns. Die Zeit vom 5. Oktober 2006 (41/2006).
Frühe Dokumente und Zeitungsartikel zur Siemens in der Pressemappe 20. Jahrhundert der ZBW – Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft.

Einzelnachweise:

Geschäftsbericht 2018, abgerufen am 11. Dezember 2018
Antwort der Bundesregierung auf die Kleine Anfrage der Abgeordneten Volker Beck (Köln), Dr. Thea Dückert, Matthias Berninger, weiterer Abgeordneter und der Fraktion BÜNDNIS 90 / DIE GRÜNEN – Drucksache 16/3431 PDF-Datei, Mitarbeit von Beschäftigten von Verbänden und Wirtschaftsunternehmen in Bundesministerien und in nachgeordneten Bundesbehörden, 4. Dezember 2006, abgerufen am 31. Januar 2010

Unternehemensstruktur Siemens AG. Siemens AG, abgerufen am 18. Juni 2018.

Siemens Healthineers AG startet erfolgreich an der Frankfurter Wertpapierbörse. Siemens Gamesa, abgerufen am 18. Juni 2018.

Company History I Siemens Gamesa. Abgerufen am 18. Juni 2018 (englisch).

Siemens und Alstom wollen gemeinsam europäischen Champion für Mobilitätslösungen schaffen. Abgerufen am 18. Juni 2018.

„Siemens ist nicht akzeptabel“. In: FAZ.net. 2. Februar 2007, abgerufen am 14. Dezember 2014.

Zeitleiste auf www.siemens.com

Biographie: Werner von Siemens S. 4 Siemens History Site, abgerufen am 7. Januar 2015

Wilfried Feldenkirchen, Werner von Siemens. Erfinder und internationaler Unternehmer. München/Zürich 1996, ISBN 3-8009-4156-2, S. 180 f.

Die Siemensstadt auf ww3.siemens.de (Memento des Originals vom 24. Oktober 2011 im Internet Archive)  Info: Der Archivlink wurde automatisch eingesetzt und noch nicht geprüft. Bitte prüfe Original- und Archivlink gemäß Anleitung und entferne dann diesen Hinweis.

Siemens Radio Chronik. 7. November 2016, abgerufen am 6. November 2016.

Mahn- und Gedenkstätte Ravensbrück

Hannah Arendt: Eichmann in Jerusalem. Ein Bericht von der Banalität des Bösen. München 1964. ISBN 978-3-492-24822-8, S. 163.

1. April 1903 – Gründung der Siemens-Schuckertwerke auf www.siemens.com

eingeschränkte Vorschau in der Google-Buchsuche

Siemens streicht weltweit 7800 Stellen (Memento des Originals vom 6. Februar 2015 im Internet Archive)  Info: Der Archivlink wurde automatisch eingesetzt und noch nicht geprüft. Bitte prüfe Original- und Archivlink gemäß Anleitung und entferne dann diesen Hinweis. web.de, abgerufen am 6. Februar 2015

Neue Konzernstruktur für Siemens auf ww1.siemens.com (PDF; 39 kB), Stand: 24. Juni 2010

Präsentation zur Bekanntgabe der neuen Unternehmensstruktur vom 28. November 2007 auf ww1.siemens.com PDF-Datei

Axel Höpner: Siemens erfindet sich noch einmal neu. In: handelsblatt.com. 28. März 2011, abgerufen am 14. Dezember 2014.

Siemens benennt künftiges Führungsteam. Siemens, Presseerklärung vom 6. Mai 2014.

Zahlen im 4. Absatz auf www.manager-magazin.de, 12. Dezember 2008.

Die Akteure des Siemens-Skandals, zehn Jahre danach

Der Code zum Schmiergeld auf www.manager-magazin.de, 8. Februar 2007.

Geschäftsbericht 2007 S.9 auf www.siemens.com PDF-Datei

Siemens muss 201 Millionen Euro Strafe zahlen. In: FAZ.net. 4. Oktober 2007, abgerufen am 14. Dezember 2014.

Siemens droht teurer Ärger. In: handelsblatt.com. 23. Januar 2007, abgerufen am 14. Dezember 2014.

Süddeutsche Zeitung, 16. Februar 2007: Chef von Splittergewerkschaft AUB verhaftet (Memento vom 16. Dezember 2007 im Internet Archive)

Die Geschichte der AUB (Memento vom 27. Februar 2007 im Internet Archive)

Süddeutsche Zeitung: Herr der schwarzen Kassen

Süddeutsche Zeitung: Der treue Untreue

U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission: SEC Charges Siemens AG for Engaging in Worldwide Bribery

Spiegel Online: Siemens beendet Schmiergeldaffäre mit Milliardenbuße

Handelsblatt: Ex-Manager von Siemens müssen vor Gericht

finanzen.net: Siemens-Schmiergeldprozess endet mit Bewährungsstrafen

Zeit: Früherer Siemens-Manager vor Bewährungsstrafe

manager magazin: Neubürger kommt mit blauem Auge davon

Süddeutsche Zeitung: Ex-Finanzchef Neubürger soll 15 Millionen zahlen

Zeit: Tod eines Managers

Süddeutsche Zeitung: Ex-Vorstand in Untreueprozess freigesprochen

Klaus Ott: Ein letzter Prozess. In: Süddeutsche Zeitung. 6. September 2016, abgerufen am 17. September 2016.

BGH hebt freisprechendes Urteil gegen früheres Vorstandsmitglied der Siemens AG teilweise auf. In: beck-aktuell. 6. September 2016, archiviert vom Original am 17. September 2016; abgerufen am 17. September 2016.

Ex-Siemens-Vorstand muss wieder vor Gericht. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine. 6. September 2016, abgerufen am 17. September 2016.

Bundesgerichtshof kippt Freispruch von Ex-Vorstand. In: Der Spiegel. 6. September 2016, abgerufen am 17. September 2016.

Focus Money: Griechischer Staatsanwalt klagt Siemens-Vorstände an

64 suspects to stand trial for SIEMENS/OTE €70m bribes scandal; among them 13 Germans. In: Keep Talking Greece. 9. März 2015, abgerufen am 13. Oktober 2016.

Hazel Mae Pan: Greek Drama: Siemens Trial Hangs Pending Translation. In: Slator. 15. Juli 2016, abgerufen am 13. Oktober 2016.

SIEMENS €70m-bribes trial indefinitely postponed – Definitely Lost in Translation. In: Keep Talking Greece. 12. Juli 2016, abgerufen am 13. Oktober 2016.

Supreme Court prosecutor seeks swift translation of charge sheet in Siemens trial. In: Kathimerini. 19. Juli 2016, abgerufen am 13. Oktober 2016.

Top judge orders inquiry into Siemens case delay. In: Kathimerini. 14. Juli 2016, abgerufen am 13. Oktober 2016.

Ex-Greek minister guilty of money laundering in Siemens scandal. In: Reuters, 28. Juli 2017.

Das Buch, das keiner lesen soll. In: Der Spiegel. Nr. 12, 2017, ISSN 0038-7452, S. 66–68.

Siemens auf einen Blick - Investor Relations - Global. Abgerufen am 18. Januar 2019.

Siemens und Nokia (Memento vom 22. Mai 2013 im Internet Archive)

Siemens verkauft Anteil an NSN an Partner Nokia. In: Spiegel Online. 1. Juli 2013, abgerufen am 14. Dezember 2014.

heise online Siemens beteiligt sich an europäischer Suchmaschine Quaero vom 2. Februar 2006

heise online IT-Gipfel: Quaero heißt jetzt Theseus vom 18. Dezember 2006

Joachim Herr: Siemens will 3000 Stellen streichen. In: FAZ.net. 23. Februar 2008, abgerufen am 14. Dezember 2014.

tagesschau.de Siemens trennt sich von Gigaset-Telefonen (Memento vom 9. April 2010 im Internet Archive)

(PDF auf www.siemens.com)

Axel Höpner: Siemens steigt aus der Atomtechnik aus. In: handelsblatt.com. 22. Mai 2011, abgerufen am 14. Dezember 2014.

Rüdiger Köhn, München: Siemens sagt Allianz mit Rosatom ab. In: FAZ.net. 18. September 2011, abgerufen am 14. Dezember 2014.

Siemens will weltweit 6.900 Jobs streichen ZEIT-ONLINE; abgerufen am 17. November 2017

Siemens AG: Siemens-Aktionäre ebnen Osram den Gang an die Börse. Abgerufen am 28. Juni 2013.

Bosch macht BSH-Übernahme perfekt. stuttgarter-nachrichten.de, 5. Januar 2015

Historie Siemens Healthineers. (PDF) Abgerufen am 18. Juni 2018.

Siemens Healthineers AG startet erfolgreich an der Frankfurter Wertpapierbörse. Abgerufen am 18. Juni 2018.

Alstom Siemens: Creation of a global leader in Mobility (Memento des Originals vom 28. September 2017 im Internet Archive)  Info: Der Archivlink wurde automatisch eingesetzt und noch nicht geprüft. Bitte prüfe Original- und Archivlink gemäß Anleitung und entferne dann diesen Hinweis., gemeinsame Präsentation vom 27. September 2017 (englisch, pdf), abgerufen am 28. September 2017.

Europäische Kommission - Pressemitteilung: Fusionskontrolle: Kommission untersagt geplante Übernahme von Alstom durch Siemens, European Commission, Press Release Database. Abgerufen am 13. März 2019

Kaeser sticht Löscher aus handelsblatt.com, 22. September 2014

Siemens schmiedet neuen Windkraftriesen handelsblatt.com, 17. Juni 2016

Zahlen, Daten, Fakten. Siemens in Zahlen (gemäß IFRS zum 30.09.2017). 30. September 2017, abgerufen am 30. Dezember 2017.

Schließung Transrapid International GmbH & Co. KG AUF www.thyssenkrupp.com

Vorstand. Siemens AG, abgerufen am 10. Januar 2015.

Aufsichtsrat der Siemens AG auf www.siemens.com

EBD-Aufschwung hält an: Siemens AG wird 221. Mitglied

Basisdaten und Aktienkennzahlen - Siemens Aktie. Abgerufen am 18. Dezember 2018.

Aktionärsstruktur und Stimmrechtsmitteilungen - Siemens Aktie. Abgerufen am 18. Dezember 2018.

Siemens Aktie - Dividende. Abgerufen am 26. März 2019.

Siemens beschäftigt 1300 Mitarbeiter in Hamburg. In: abendblatt.de. 30. März 2011, abgerufen am 14. Dezember 2014.

Die Turbinen-Werke in Görlitz und Leipzig sollen geschlossen werden, das Werk in Erfurt wird womöglich verkauft, wie Siemens am 16. November 2017 in München mitteilte: Siemens streicht 7000 Stellen. In: Finanz und Wirtschaft vom 16. November 2017, abgerufen am 16. November 2017.

Klaus Werner, Hans Weiss: Das neue Schwarzbuch Markenfirmen. Die Machenschaften der Weltkonzerne. Ullstein Verlag, April 2010, ISBN 978-3-548-37314-0, S. 362 f.

heise online: Siemens will Vorstandsgehälter kräftig erhöhen. Abgerufen am 23. Januar 2019.

Kirche nennt Erhöhung der Vorstandsgehälter maßlos. spiegel.de, abgerufen am 23. Januar 2019.

Florian Rötzer: Die guten Menschen von Siemens. Abgerufen am 23. Januar 2019.

heise online: BenQ-Handygeschäft in Deutschland am Ende [Update]. Abgerufen am 23. Januar 2019.

USA drängen deutsche Firmen aus Iran. In: handelsblatt.com. 11. Januar 2007, abgerufen am 14. Dezember 2014.

Marc Pitzke: Florida straft Daimler und Siemens ab. In: Spiegel Online. 18. Juni 2007, abgerufen am 14. Dezember 2014.

The Jerusalem Post German firm helps Iran monitor Israel (Memento des Originals vom 16. September 2011 im Internet Archive)  Info: Der Archivlink wurde automatisch eingesetzt und noch nicht geprüft. Bitte prüfe Original- und Archivlink gemäß Anleitung und entferne dann diesen Hinweis. Englisch von Benjamin Weinthal vom 8. April 2008

Spitzel-Hilfe in rechtlicher Grauzone. taz.de, abgerufen am 23. Januar 2019.

Hauptversammlung: Siemens macht keine Geschäfte mehr mit Iran. Abgerufen am 23. Januar 2019.

Weltbank bestraft russische Siemens-Tochter. In: Handelsblatt, 30. November 2009.

Stephen F. Szabo: Germany, Russia, and the Rise of Geo-Economics. Bloomsbury, London 2015, ISBN 978-1-4725-9632-1, S. 66 f.

Hightech für Teheran. In: Spiegel, 9. August 2010.

Gabriel kritisiert Treffen von Siemens-Chef mit Putin. In: Spiegel Online, 30. März 2017.

Christian Rickens und Stefan Schultz: Deutsche Konzerne gegen Russland-Sanktionen: Schwarzmalen, raushalten, runterspielen. In: Spiegel Online, 27. März 2017.

Stephan Bierling: Vormacht wider Willen: Deutsche Außenpolitik von der Wiedervereinigung bis zur Gegenwart. C.H. Beck, München 2014, ISBN 978-3-406-66766-4, S. 216.

Hans Kundnani: Leaving the West Behind: Germany Looks East. In: Foreign Affairs. 94, Nr. 1, Januar/Februar 2015, S. 108–116.

Matthew Karnitschnig: Deutschlands Konzerne machen Druck gegen Russland-Sanktionen. In: Wall Street Journal, 2. März 2014.

Siemens im Sanktionsbruch-Sumpf. In: Die Presse, 12. Juli 2017.

Stefan Scholl: Verbotener Strom für die Krim. In: Frankfurter Rundschau, 4. Juli 2015.

Rüdiger Köhn: Gasturbinen für die Krim: Russen spannen Siemens ein. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, 4. Juli 2015.

Siemens поставит турбины для крымских электростанций. In: Ведомости. 30. Juni 2015, abgerufen am 25. Mai 2018 (russisch).

Siemens-Turbinen auf der Krim sind kein geschmuggelter Auspuff. In: Süddeutsche Zeitung, 13. Juli 2017.

Verletzung von Sanktionen: Wie Russland Siemens austrickste. In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung, 10. Juli 2017.

Bruch von Russland-Sanktionen: Siemens bestätigt Turbinenlieferung auf die Krim. In: Spiegel Online, 10. Juli 2017.

Exclusive: Russia appears to deliver more turbines to Crimea - Reuters witnesses. In: Reuters, 12. Juli 2017.

Siemens-Turbinen für die Krim: Zweiter Akt eines Schattenspiels. In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung, 13. Juli 2017.

Российская компания признала переделку турбин Siemens для Крыма. In: Новая газета. 28. Juli 2017, abgerufen am 25. Mai 2018 (russisch).

Siemens-Turbinen auf der Krim: Streit mit Russland nimmt kein Ende. In: Handelsblatt, 28. Juli 2017.

Суд оставил иск Siemens к «Технопромэкспорту» без движения. In: Коммерсант. 15. Juli 2016, abgerufen am 25. Mai 2018 (russisch).

#Турбинынаши. In: Новая газета. 15. Juli 2017, abgerufen am 25. Mai 2018 (russisch).

Gasturbinen-Affäre: Bundesregierung nimmt Siemens ins Visier. In: Tagesspiegel, 12. Juli 2017.

Streit über Turbinen: Siemens-Niederlage in Moskau, orf.at, 20. August 2017, abgerufen 20. August 2017.

Staatsanwaltschaft ermittelt gegen Siemens-Mitarbeiter wegen Krim-Turbinen. In: Handelsblatt, 29. November 2018.

Three Siemens employees investigated over turbines in Crimea. In: Reuters, 29. November 2018.

Joschka Fischer jetzt auch Lobbyist für Siemens. In: welt.de. 23. Oktober 2009, abgerufen am 14. Dezember 2014.

EU-Diplomat Schönfelder wird Chef-Lobbyist. In: welt.de. 12. August 2007, abgerufen am 14. Dezember 2014.

Antwort der Bundesregierung auf die Kleine Anfrage der Abgeordneten Rainer Brüderle, Paul K. Friedhoff, Patrick Döring, weiterer Abgeordneter und der Fraktion der FDP – Drucksache 16/3165 PDF-Datei, vom 13. November 2006, abgerufen am 31. Januar 2010