PHILIPS 26CE2281 RUBENS YEAR 1987.

The PHILIPS 26CE2281 is a 26 inches color television with 50 programs preselection with remote and TRD5 RC5 tuning synthesizer system.

- TRD (Tuning Remote Digital) RC5 system synthesizer tuning search system which allows perfect automatic search and automatic AFT tuning of each channel for all bands and special channels VHF + S + UHF.
Channel selection is controlled by a frequency synthesizer a sweep of available channels is made by a channel selecting arrangement and this sweep is arranged to be stopped when a signal is received. When the sweeping is stopped a fine tuning arrangement takes control to respond to the frequency of the received signal and to compensate for any drift of that signal, a frequency synthesizer controlled channel selection means which includes a fine tuning arrangement; means for initiating a sweep of available channels by the channel selection means; means for stopping the sweep on reception of a signal and means, operable on cessation of sweeping and responsive to the frequency of the signal, and arranged to control the fine tuning arrangement to compensate for frequency drift of the signal.

This set has even an auto diagnose system for chassis level fault servicing capability.
If a Fault occurs a code will be displayed on the program/channel led display. Such code is an address feature to send servicing properly a chassis zone referring  a possible group of components generating that fault.

A self-diagnosing apparatus and a method for a Television apparatus which are capable of detecting errors of the apparatus, and classifying the errors for thus more effectively correcting the errors. The apparatus includes an operation state detection unit for detecting an operation state of a part of the apparatus, a self-diagnosing unit for checking an erroneous part based on an output signal from the operation state detection unit and checking a using state of a display for displaying an information which is used for correcting the error and externally transmitting the information. The conventional PHILIPS self-diagnosing content display apparatus for a TV includes a microcomputer  for controlling the entire operation of an apparatus and controlling a self-diagnosing content display operation, this is obtained with a preprogrammed microcomputer.The controller employs a perceptable indicator, usually a visual display. This indicator normally provides the TV user with information useful in operating the appliance when it is functioning properly. For example,program and channels, on the other hand, the visual display performs the additional function of providing the results of internally programmed diagnostic test performed in background in a continuous cycle comprising the normal functions tasks. The controller will determine the suspected point of failure and display a unique code in association therewith in the visual display. This code can be interpreted to determine the exact circuit that failed and to eliminate much of the time consumption random trouble shooting of controls entails. The microprocessor checks its major internal and input and output circuits for proper computation through key voltages across the chassis via pheriperals and I2IC Bus. If the program senses a discrepancy in the computation or recordation of data, a code corresponding to the error detected appears in the visual display panel. This code denotes the location of the failure in the control circuitry and or in specific groups or zones of the main chassis. Through the use of the self-diagnostic electronic controller, the system determines itself whether it is trouble free or not, like testing internal data busto determine if the microcomputer is faulty itself. Through the use of the self-diagnostic electronic controller, the system determines itself whether it is trouble free or not. It then becomes unnecessary for a service technican to change out a control board and substitute a replacement board to determine if the original control board is defective, unless the self diagnostic control determines that this should be done.
Such list of codes was available on the chassis  service manual.

It employs the PHILIPS 30AX SYSTEM CRT TUBE.The 30AX system, which Philips introduced in 1979, is an important landmark in the development of colour picture systems. With previous systems the assembly technician had to workthrough a large number of complicated setting-up procedures whenever he fitted a television picture tube with aset of coils for deflecting the electron beams. These procedures were necessary to ensure that the beams for the three colours would converge at thescreen for every deflection. They are no longer necessary with the 30AX system: for a given screen format any deflection unit can be combined  with any tube to form a single 'dynamically convergent' unit. A colour-television receiver can thus be assembled from its components almost as easily as a monochrome receiver. The colour picture tube of the PHILIPS 30AX system displays a noticeably sharper picture over the entire screen surface. This will be particularly noticeable when data transmissions such as Viewdata and Teletext are displayed. This has been achieved by a reduction in the size of the beam spot by about 30%. Absence of coma and the retention of the 36.5 mm neck diameter have both contributed to increased picture sharpness. Coma has been eliminated by means of corrective field shapers embedded in the deflection coils which are sectionally wound saddle types. The new deflection unit has no rear flanges. enabling uniform self-convergence to be obtained for all screen sizes. without special corrections, adjustments, or tolerance compensations. Horizontal raster distortion is reduced and no vertical correction is required. One of the inventions in 30AX is an internal magnetic correction system which obviates static convergence and colour purity errors. This enables the usual multiple unit to be dispensed with. together with the need for its adjustment !  New techniques have been employed to achieve close tolerance construction of the glass envelope. In addition, the 30AX picture tube incorporates two features whereby it can be accurately adjusted during the last stages of manufacture. One is the internal magnetic correction system. The other is an array of bosses on the cone that establish a precise reference for the axial purity positioning of the deflection unit on the tube axis and for raster orientation. During its manufacture, each deflection unit is individually adjusted for optimum convergence. The coil carrier also incorporates reference bosses that co-operate with those on the cone of the tube. ' Since every picture tube and every deflection unit is individually pre-aligned, any deflection unit automatically matches with any picture tube of the appropriate size. The deflection unit has only to be pushed onto the neck of the tube unit it seats. Once the reference bosses are engaged, the combination is accurately aligned and requires no adjustment for convergence, colour purity or raster orientation. With no multiple unit and a flangeless deflection unit, there is more space in the receiver cabinet. Higher deflection sensitivity means that less current is consumed, and consequently less heat is produced. This increases the reliability of the TV receiver again. 30AX means simple assembly. Any picture tube is compatible with any deflection unit of the appropriate size and is automatically self-aligning as well as being self-convergent.

The well-known 20AX features of HI-Bri, Soft-Flash and Quick-vision are maintained in the new 30AX systern.  In their work on the design of deflection coils in the last few years the developers have expanded  the magnetic deflectionfields into 'multipoles', This approach has improved the understanding  of the relations between coil and field and between field and deflection to such an extent that  designing deflection units is now more like playing a difficult but fascinating game of chess than  carrying out the obscure computing procedure once necessary.

It has a Transistorized horizontal deflection circuits  made up of a horizontal switching or output transistor, a diode, one or more capacitors and a deflection winding. The output transistor, operating as a switch, is driven by a horizontal rate square wave signal and conducts during a portion of the horizontal trace interval. A diode, connected in parallel with the transistor, conducts during the remainder of the trace interval. A retrace capacitor and the deflection yoke winding are coupled in parallel across the transistor-diode combination. Energy is transferred into and out of the deflection winding via the diode and output transistor during the trace interval and via the retrace capacitor during the retrace interval.
In some television receivers, the collector of the horizontal output transistor is coupled to the B+ power supply through the primary windings of the high voltage transformer.

Headphones front jack is present at bottom right side, tone control speech music is even present.

Last PHILIPS COLOR TV SET series with PHILIPS 30AX CRT TUBE.

SCART socket is present and was unusual for a mono sound set.

These are sets fitted with the Philips 2A chassis first appeared in 1985. Because of the inherent reliability of the chassis little seems to have been written about it. As with most sets, problems occur mainly in the power supply and the line output stage.
When I've seen for first time this chassis I had a laugh as like seeing a tv set with missing parts. The reality was indeed true no missing parts the chassis is the forerunner of the minimisation of tv chassis technology.

PHILIPS Models fitted with the 2A chassis:

Philips
210E2340/05S
210E2640/05S
22CE2060/05T
22CE2061/05T
22CE2065/05T
22CE2261/05T
22CE2267/05R
22CE2561/05S
22CE2565/05T
22CE2567/05R
24CE2370/05S
24CE2670/05S
26CE2080/05T
26CE2081/05T
26CE2281/05T
26CE2581/05S
27CE2390/05S
27CE2690/05S

Pye / Phonola
52KE2403/05R
52 KE 2406/05R
56KE2600/05R
56KE2610/05T
56KE2612/05R
56KE2615/05R
59KE2703/05R
59KE2706/05R
66KE2800/05R
66KE2812/05R
66KE2815/05R
68KE2903/05R
68KE2906/05R

A SCART Connector (which stands for Syndicat des Constructeurs d'Appareils Radiorécepteurs et Téléviseurs) is a standard for connecting audio-visual equipment together. The official standard for SCART is CENELEC document number EN 50049-1. SCART is also known as Péritel (especially in France) and Euroconnector but the name SCART will be used exclusively herein. The standard defines a 21-pin connector (herein after a SCART connector) for carrying analog television signals. Various pieces of equipment may be connected by cables having a plug fitting the SCART connectors. Television apparatuses commonly include one or more SCART connectors.

Although a SCART connector is bidirectional, the present invention is concerned with the use of a SCART connector as an input connector for receiving signals into a television apparatus. A SCART connector can receive input television signals either in an RGB format in which the red, green and blue signals are received on Pins 15, 11 and 7, respectively, or alternatively in an S-Video format in which the luminance (Y) and chroma (C) signals are received on Pins 20 and 15. As a result of the common usage of Pin 15 in accordance with the SCART standard, a SCART connector cannot receive input television signals in an RGB format and in an S-Video format at the same time.

Consequently many commercially available television apparatuses include a separate SCART connectors each dedicated to receive input television signals in one of an RGB format and an S-Video format. This limits the functionality of the SCART connectors. In practical terms, the number of SCART connectors which can be provided on a television apparatus is limited by cost and space considerations. However, different users wish the input a wide range of different combinations of formats of television signals, depending on the equipment they personally own and use. However, the provision of SCART connectors dedicated to input television signals in one of an RGB format and an S-Video format limits the overall connectivity of the television apparatus. Furthermore, for many users the different RGB format and S-Video format are confusing. Some users may not understand or may mistake the format of a television signal being supplied on a given cable from a given piece of equipment. This can result in the supply of input television signals of an inappropriate format for the SCART connector concerned.

This kind of connector is todays obsoleted !

Teletext option was awailable on request with a special computer controlled teletex unit to fit in.


This models series with chassis 2A have had a discrete failure rate mainly in weak solder point and Line EHT transformer failing often (grey series type).

Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. (Royal Philips Electronics Inc.), most commonly known as Philips, (Euronext: PHIA, NYSE: PHG) is a multinational Dutch electronics corporation.

Philips is one of the largest electronics companies in the world. In 2009, its sales were €23.18 billion. The company employs 115,924 people in more than 60 countries.

Philips is organized in a number of sectors: Philips Consumer Lifestyles (formerly Philips Consumer Electronics and Philips Domestic Appliances and Personal Care), Philips Lighting and Philips Healthcare (formerly Philips Medical Systems).
The company was founded in 1891 by Gerard Philips, a maternal cousin of Karl Marx, in Eindhoven, Netherlands. Its first products were light bulbs and other electro-technical equipment. Its first factory survives as a museum devoted to light sculpture. In the 1920s, the company started to manufacture other products, such as vacuum tubes (also known worldwide as 'valves'), In 1927 they acquired the British electronic valve manufacturers Mullard and in 1932 the German tube manufacturer Valvo, both of which became subsidiaries. In 1939 they introduced their electric razor, the Philishave (marketed in the USA using the Norelco brand name).
Philips was also instrumental in the revival of the Stirling engine.

As a chip maker, Philips Semiconductors was among the Worldwide Top 20 Semiconductor Sales Leaders.

In December 2005 Philips announced its intention to make the Semiconductor Division into a separate legal entity. This process of "disentanglement" was completed on 1 October 2006.

On 2 August 2006, Philips completed an agreement to sell a controlling 80.1% stake in Philips Semiconductors to a consortium of private equity investors consisting of Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co. (KKR), Silver Lake Partners and AlpInvest Partners. The sale completed a process, which began December 2005, with its decision to create a separate legal entity for Semiconductors and to pursue all strategic options. Six weeks before, ahead of its online dialogue, through a letter to 8,000 of Philips managers, it was announced that they were speeding up the transformation of Semiconductors into a stand-alone entity with majority ownership by a third party. It was stated then that "this is much more than just a transaction: it is probably the most significant milestone on a long journey of change for Philips and the beginning of a new chapter for everyone – especially those involved with Semiconductors".

In its more than 115 year history, this counts as a big step that is definitely changing the profile of the company. Philips was one of few companies that successfully made the transition from the electrical world of the 19th century into the electronic age, starting its semiconductor activity in 1953 and building it into a global top 10 player in its industry. As such, Semiconductors was at the heart of many innovations in Philips over the past 50 years.

Agreeing to start a process that would ultimately lead to the decision to sell the Semiconductor Division therefore was one of the toughest decisions that the Board of Management ever had to make.

On 21 August 2006, Bain Capital and Apax Partners announced that they had signed definitive commitments to join the expanded consortium headed by KKR that is to acquire the controlling stake in the Semiconductors Division.

On 1 September 2006, it was announced in Berlin that the name of the new semiconductor company founded by Philips is NXP Semiconductors.

Coinciding with the sale of the Semiconductor Division, Philips also announced that they would drop the word 'Electronics' from the company name, thus becoming simply Koninklijke Philips N.V. (Royal Philips N.V.).

PHILIPS FOUNDATION:

The foundations of Philips were laid in 1891 when Anton and Gerard Philips established Philips & Co. in Eindhoven, the Netherlands. The company begun manufacturing carbon-filament lamps and by the turn of the century, had become one of the largest producers in Europe. Stimulated by the industrial revolution in Europe, Philips’ first research laboratory started introducing its first innovations in the x-ray and radio technology. Over the years, the list of inventions has only been growing to include many breakthroughs that have continued to enrich people’s everyday lives.



In the early years of Philips &; Co., the representation of the company name took many forms: one was an emblem formed by the initial letters of Philips ; Co., and another was the word Philips printed on the glass of metal filament lamps.



One of the very first campaigns was launched in 1898 when Anton Philips used a range of postcards showing the Dutch national costumes as marketing tools. Each letter of the word Philips was printed in a row of light bulbs as at the top of every card. In the late 1920s, the Philips name began to take on the form that we recognize today.



The now familiar Philips waves and stars first appeared in 1926 on the packaging of miniwatt radio valves, as well as on the Philigraph, an early sound recording device. The waves symbolized radio waves, while the stars represented the ether of the evening sky through which the radio waves would travel.


In 1930 it was the first time that the four stars flanking the three waves were placed together in a circle. After that, the stars and waves started appearing on radios and gramophones, featuring this circle as part of their design. Gradually the use of the circle emblem was then extended to advertising materials and other products.



At this time Philips’ business activities were expanding rapidly and the company wanted to find a trademark that would uniquely represent Philips, but one that would also avoid legal problems with the owners of other well-known circular emblems. This wish resulted in the combination of the Philips circle and the wordmark within the shield emblem.



In 1938, the Philips shield made its first appearance. Although modified over the years, the basic design has remained constant ever since and, together with the wordmark, gives Philips the distinctive identity that is still embraced today.

The first steps of CRT production by Philips started in the thirties with the Deutsche Philips Electro-Spezial gesellschaft in Germany and the Philips NatLab (Physics laboratory) in Holland. After the introduction of television in Europe, just after WWII there was a growing demand of television sets and oscilloscope equipment. Philips in Holland was ambitious and started experimental television in 1948. Philips wanted to be the biggest on this market. From 1948 there was a small Philips production of television and oscilloscope tubes in the town of Eindhoven which soon developed in mass production. In 1976 a part of the Philips CRT production went to the town of Heerlen and produced its 500.000'th tube in 1986. In 1994 the company in Heerlen changed from Philips into CRT-Heerlen B.V. specialized in the production of small monochrome CRT's for the professional market and reached 1.000.000 produced tubes in 1996. In this stage the company was able to produce very complicated tubes like storage CRT's.
In 2001 the company merged into Professional Display Systems, PDS worked on LCD and Plasma technology but went bankrupt in 2009. The employees managed a start through as Cathode Ray Technology which now in 2012 has to close it's doors due to the lack of sales in a stressed market. Their main production was small CRT's for oscilloscope, radar and large medical use (X-ray displays). New experimental developments were small Electron Microscopy, 3D-TV displays, X-Ray purposes and Cathode Ray Lithography for wafer production. Unfortunately the time gap to develop these new products was too big.


28 of September 2012, Cathode Ray Technology (the Netherlands), the last Cathode Ray Tube factory in Europe closed. Ironically the company never experienced so much publicity as now, all of the media brought the news in Holland about the closure. In fact this means the end of mass production 115 years after Ferdinand Braun his invention. The rapid introduction and acceptation of LCD and Plasma displays was responsible for a drastic decrease in sales. Despite the replacement market for the next couple of years in the industrial, medical and avionics sector.
The numbers are small and the last few CRT producers worldwide are in heavy competition.

Gerard Philips:

Gerard Leonard Frederik Philips (October 9, 1858, in Zaltbommel – January 27, 1942, in The Hague, Netherlands) was a Dutch industrialist, co-founder (with his father Frederik Philips) of the Philips Company as a family business in 1891. Gerard and his younger brother Anton Philips changed the business to a corporation by founding in 1912 the NV Philips' Gloeilampenfabrieken. As the first CEO of the Philips corporation, Gerard laid with Anton the base for the later Philips multinational.



Early life and education

Gerard was the first son of Benjamin Frederik David Philips (1 December 1830 – 12 June 1900) and Maria Heyligers (1836 – 1921). His father was active in the tobacco business and a banker at Zaltbommel in the Netherlands; he was a first cousin of Karl Marx.



Career

Gerard Philips became interested in electronics and engineering. Frederik was the financier for Gerard's purchase of the old factory building in Eindhoven where he established the first factory in 1891. They operated the Philips Company as a family business for more than a decade.



Marriage and family

On March 19, 1896 Philips married Johanna van der Willigen (30 September 1862 – 1942). They had no children.

Gerard was an uncle of Frits Philips, whom he and his brother brought into the business. Later they brought in his brother's grandson, Franz Otten.

Gerard and his brother Anton supported education and social programs in Eindhoven, including the Philips Sport Vereniging (Philips Sports Association), which they founded. From it the professional football (soccer) department developed into the independent Philips Sport Vereniging N.V.



Anton Philips:

Anton Frederik Philips (March 14, 1874, Zaltbommel, Gelderland – October 7, 1951, Eindhoven) co-founded Royal Philips Electronics N.V. in 1912 with his older brother Gerard Philips in Eindhoven, the Netherlands. He served as CEO of the company from 1922 to 1939.



Early life and education

Anton was born to Maria Heyligers (1836 – 1921) and Benjamin Frederik David Philips (December 1, 1830 – June 12, 1900). His father was active in the tobacco business and a banker at Zaltbommel in the Netherlands. (He was a first cousin to Karl Marx.) Anton's brother Gerard was 16 years older.



Career

In May 1891 the father Frederik was the financier and, with his son Gerard Philips, co-founder of the Philips Company as a family business. In 1912 Anton joined the firm, which they named Royal Philips Electronics N.V.

During World War I, Anton Philips managed to increase sales by taking advantage of a boycott of German goods in several countries. He provided the markets with alternative products.

Anton (and his brother Gerard) are remembered as being civic-minded. In Eindhoven they supported education and social programs and facilities, such as the soccer department of the Philips Sports Association as the best-known example.

Anton Philips brought his son Frits Philips and grandson Franz Otten into the company in their times. Anton took the young Franz Otten with him and other family members to escape the Netherlands just before the Nazi Occupation during World War II; they went to the United States. They returned after the war.

His son Frits Philips chose to stay and manage the company during the occupation; he survived several months at the concentration camp of Vught after his workers went on strike. He saved the lives of 382 Jews by claiming them as indispensable to his factory, and thus helped them evade Nazi roundups and deportation to concentration camps.

Philips died in Eindhoven in 1951.


Marriage and family

Philips married Anne Henriëtte Elisabeth Maria de Jongh (Amersfoort, May 30, 1878 – Eindhoven, March 7, 1970). They had the following children:

* Anna Elisabeth Cornelia Philips (June 19, 1899 – ?), married in 1925 to Pieter Franciscus Sylvester Otten (1895 – 1969), and had:
o Diek Otten
o Franz Otten (b. c. 1928 - d. 1967), manager in the Dutch electronics company Philips
* Frederik Jacques Philips (1905-2005)
* Henriëtte Anna Philips (Eindhoven, October 26, 1906 – ?), married firstly to A. Knappert (d. 1932), without issue; married secondly to G. Jonkheer Sandberg (d. September 5, 1935), without issue; and married thirdly in New York City, New York, on September 29, 1938 to Jonkheer Gerrit van Riemsdijk (Aerdenhout, January 10, 1911 – Eindhoven, November 8, 2005). They had the following children:
o ..., Jonkheerin Gerrit van Riemsdijk (b. Waalre, October 2, 1939), married at Waalre on February 17, 1968 to Johannes Jasper Tuijt (b. Atjeh, Koeta Radja, March 10, 1930), son of Jacobus Tuijt and wife Hedwig Jager, without issue
o ..., Jonkheerin Gerrit van Riemsdijk (b. Waalre, April 3, 1946), married firstly at Calvados, Falaise, on June 6, 1974 to Martinus Jan Petrus Vermooten (Utrecht, September 16, 1939 – Falaise, August 29, 1978), son of Martinus Vermooten and wife Anna Pieternella Hendrika Kwantes, without issue; married secondly in Paris on December 12, 1981 to Jean Yves Louis Bedos (Calvados, Rémy, January 9, 1947 – Calvados, Lisieux, October 5, 1982), son of Georges Charles Bedos and wife Henriette Louise Piel, without issue; and married thirdly at Manche, Sartilly, on September 21, 1985 to Arnaud Evain (b. Ardennes, Sedan, July 7, 1952), son of Jean Claude Evain and wife Flore Halleux, without issue
o ..., Jonkheerin Gerrit van Riemsdijk (b. Waalre, September 4, 1948), married at Waalre, October 28, 1972 to Elie Johan François van Dissel (b. Eindhoven, October 9, 1948), son of Willem Pieter

Jacob van Dissel and wife Francisca Frederike Marie Wirtz, without issue.

(To see the Internal Chassis Just click on Older Post Button on bottom page, that's simple !)








A comment...........of a 1996 reality ..................
Philips, which seems to be a perennial walking wounded case. The company had appeared to be on the mend after a worldwide cost- cutting programme which was started five years ago when Jan Timmer took over as chairman.
 But, following a sharp profits fall, with the company's first quarterly loss since 1992, a further shake up is being undertaken.
The difficulty is that the company operates in a mature market, in which prices are falling at an annual rate of six per cent. Manufacturers are competing by cutting costs to gain a larger share of static demand. It's not a situation in which any firm that does its own manufacturing can achieve much. Philips' latest plan involves an overall loss of 6,000 jobs in its consumer electronics business, with far greater reliance placed on a group of external suppliers which are referred to as "a cluster of dedicated subcontractors".

This is an approach that was pioneered many years ago by major Japanese manufacturers. Rather than make everything yourself, you rely on subcontractors who, in return, rely on you for their main source of work. It is hardly a cosy arrangement: the whole point seems to be that the major fain can exert pressure on its subcontractors, thereby - in theory - achieving optimum efficiency and cost-effectiveness. What happens when lower and lower prices are demanded for subcontracted work is not made clear.

The whole edifice could collapse. However that might be, this is the course on which Philips has now embarked. The company is also to carry out distribution, sales and marketing on a regional rather than a national basis, and has said that it will not support Grundig's losses after this year.

But Philips' chief financial officer Dudley Eustace has said that it has "no intention of abandoning the television and audio business". One has to assume that the subcontracting will also be done on an international basis, as major Japanese firms have had to do. There is a sense of déjà vu about this, though one wishes Philips well - it is still one of the major contributors to research and development in our industry.

Toshiba, which has also just appointed a new top man, Taizo Nishimoro, provides an interesting contrast. Mr Nishimoro thinks that the western emphasis on sales and marketing rather than engineering is the way to go. So the whole industry seems to be moving full circle. Taizo Nishimoro has become the first non engineering president of Toshiba. Where the company cannot compete effectively on its own, he intends to seek international alliances or go for closures. He put it as follows. "The technology and the businesses we are engaged in are getting more complex.
 In these circumstances, if we try to do everything ourselves we are making a mistake." Here's how Minoru Makihara, who became head of Mitsubishi Corporation four years ago, sees it. "Technologies are now moving so fast that it is impossible for the top manager to know all the details. 
Companies are now looking for generalists who can understand broad changes, delegate and provide leadership." Corporate change indeed amongst our oriental colleagues. Major firms the world over are facing similar problems and having to adopt similar policies.

In a mature market such as consumer electronics, you have to rely on marketing to squeeze the last little bit of advantage from such developments as Dolby sound and other added value features. The consumer electronics industry has been hoping that the digital video disc would come to its aid and get sales and profits moving ahead.

The DVD was due to be released in Sept 1996 , but we are unlikely to hear much more about it yet awhile. There's no problem with the technology: the difficulty is with licensing and software. There is obviously no point in launching it without adequate software support. But the movie companies, which control most of the required supply of software, are concerned that a recordable version of the disc, due in a couple of years' time, would be a gift to pirates worldwide. Concessions have been made by the electronics industry, in particular that different disc formats should be used in different parts of the world. But a curious problem has arisen.
 The other main use of the DVD is as a ROM in computer systems. For this application flexible copying facilities are a major requirement. But the movie companies are unwilling to agree to this. At present the situation is deadlocked and the great hope of an autumn launch, all important for sales, has had to be postponed. Next year maybe? It's a great pity, since the DVD has much to offer.
There's a lot of sad news on the retail side as well. Colorvision has been placed in administrative receivership in 1996 , with a threat to 800 jobs at its 76 stores, while the Rumbelows shops that were taken over by computer retailer Escom have suffered a similar fate. The receivers have closed down the UK chain with the loss of 850 jobs at some 150 stores. Nothing seems to be going right just now.

R.I.P. EUROPE ! 

• Publications

  
  A. Heerding: The origin of the Dutch incandescent lamp industry. (Vol. 1 of The history of N.V. Philips gloeilampenfabriek). Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1986. ISBN 0-521-32169-7
  A. Heerding: A company of many parts. (Vol. 2 of The history of N.V. Philips' gloeilampenfabrieken). Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1988. ISBN 0-521-32170-0
  I.J. Blanken: The development of N.V. Philips' Gloeilampenfabrieken into a major electrical group. Zaltbommel, European Library, 1999. (Vol. 3 of The history of Philips Electronics N.V.). ISBN 90-288-1439-6
  I.J. Blanken: Under German rule. Zaltbommel, European Library, 1999. (Vol. 4 of The history of Philips Electronics N.V). ISBN 90-288-1440-X

  References

  "Philips Annual Report 2018". Philips Results. 27 February 2019. Retrieved 6 March 2019.
  "Philips Greenpeace International". Greenpeace International. Archived from the original on 31 October 2010. Retrieved 7 January 2011.
  
  "Philips Annual Report 2018 - Compare the previous 5 years". Philips Results. 27 February 2019. Retrieved 6 March 2019.
  
  "Annual Report 2014". Philips. Retrieved 19 August 2012.
  
  
  https://www.industryweek.com/global-economy/philips-drops-electronics-name-strategy-switch
  
  
  "Börse Frankfurt (Frankfurt Stock Exchange): Stock market quotes, charts and news". Boerse-frankfurt.de. Retrieved 7 April 2018.
  
  
  "Philips Museum". Philips-museum.com. Retrieved 30 December 2016.
  
  
  C.M. Hargreaves (1991). The Philips Stirling Engine. Elsevier Science. ISBN 0-444-88463-7. pp.28–30
  
  
  Philips Technical Review Vol.9 No.4 page 97 (1947)
  
  
  C.M. Hargreaves (1991), Fig. 3
  
  
  C.M. Hargreaves (1991), p.61
  
  
  C.M. Hargreaves (1991), p.77
  
  
  "Philips Electronics NV | Dutch manufacturer". Encyclopedia Britannica.
  
  "BBC - WW2 People's War - Operation Oyster, Part 1". Bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 30 December 2016.
  
  
  Everitt, Chris; Middlebrook, Martin (2 April 2014). "The Bomber Command War Diaries: An Operational Reference Book". Pen and Sword. Retrieved 30 December 2016 – via Google Books.
  
  Bruce, Mr A I. "30th March 1943 WWII Timeline". Wehrmacht-history.com. Archived from the original on 12 February 2017. Retrieved 30 December 2016.
  
  "Frits Philips celebrates 100th birthday". Philips. 15 April 2005. Retrieved 10 January 2015.
  
  
  The Encyclopedia of the Righteous Among the Nations: Rescuers of Jews during the Holocaust: The Netherlands, Jerusalem: Yad Vashem, 2004, pp. 596–597
  
  "PHILIPS Light Tower Complex - The Netherlands", Reynaers-solutions.com, Reynaers Aluminium, archived from the original on 20 January 2012, retrieved 12 September 2011
  
  "Waarom stopt Philips met zelf televisies maken?". de Volkskrant. 18 April 2011. Retrieved 18 April 2011.
  
  "BFI – Film & TV Database – The Philips Time Machine (1977)". The British Film Institute Web Database. Retrieved 16 February 2010.
  
  Snow, Blake (5 May 2007). "The 10 Worst-Selling Consoles of All Time". GamePro.com. Archived from the original on 8 May 2007. Retrieved 1 November 2016.
  
  https://www.trouw.nl/home/philips-gaat-aan-naam-eindelijk-het-woord-koninklijke-toevoegen~a0329b2a/
  
  "Philips Completes Acquisition Agilent Technologies' Healthcare Solutions Group". Thefreelibrary.com. Retrieved 6 January 2017.
  
  "Philips electronics to buy lifeline to expand in consumer health". Wsj.com. Retrieved 7 April 2018.
  
  "Philips to Acquire Healthcare Informatics Company XIMIS Inc. to Strengthen Presence in the Healthcare Information Technology Market". Finanznachrichten.de. Retrieved 7 April 2018.
  
  "News center - Philips". Arquivo.pt. Archived from the original on 16 May 2016. Retrieved 7 April 2018.
  
  "Philips completes acquisition of US-based VISICU". Newscenter.philips.com. 21 February 2008. Retrieved 24 November 2012.
  
  NRC Handelsblad, 4 September 2010 Het nieuwe Philips wordt blij van een iPad-hoesje/The new Philips becomes happy from an iPad cover, Dutch original:" 'We zijn geen high-tech bedrijf meer, het gaat erom dat de technologieën introduceren die breed gedragen worden door de consument', zegt Valk [..] Consumer Lifestyle is nu zodanig ingericht dat er geen jaren meer gewerkt wordt aan uitvindingen die weinig kans van slagen hebben. [..]De Philips staf windt er geen doekjes om dat het bedrijf niet altijd voorop loopt bij de technologische ontwikkelingen in consumentengoederen."
  
  
  "Philips to merge Preethi biz in future". Moneycontrol.com. 5 September 2012. Retrieved 6 January2017.
  
  "Sectra news and press releases - Sectra and Philips sign large mammography modality acquisition deal". Sectra.com. Archived from the original on 22 April 2016. Retrieved 8 April 2016.
  
  "Philips to cut 4,500 jobs". The Guardian. 17 October 2011.
  
  "Philips Electronics cuts another 2,200 jobs". Bbc.co.uk. 11 September 2012. Retrieved 7 April 2018.
  
  Lezhnev, Sasha; Alex Hellmuth (August 2012). "Taking Conflict Out of Consumer Gadgets: Company Rankings on Conflict Minerals 2012" (PDF). Enough Project. Retrieved 17 August 2012.
  
  "Philips, LG Electronics, 4 others fined 1.47 billion Euros for EU cartel". The Economic Times. 5 December 2012. Retrieved 5 December 2012.
  
  Van, Robert. (29 January 2013) Philips Exits Consumer Electronics - The Source - WSJ. Blogs.wsj.com. Retrieved on 2013-08-16.
  
  "Philips to exit hi-fis and DVD players". BBC News. 29 January 2013. Retrieved 2 February 2013.
  
  "Philips exits shrinking home entertainment business". Reuters. 29 January 2013. Retrieved 2 February 2013.
  
  Philips to take legal action against Funai. Broadbandtvnews.com (25 October 2013). Retrieved on 2013-12-09.
  
  Sterling, Toby; Mari Yamaguchi. "Philips Breaks off Deal With Funai". ABC News. Amsterdam. Associated Press. Archived from the original on 2 November 2013. Retrieved 22 June 2014.
  
  "Philips announces decision by ICC International Court of Arbitration in Funai arbitration case". Philips Electronics. 2016-04-26. Retrieved 2016-07-23.
  
  "Paradox Engineering and Philips Lighting working together on smart city solutions". startupticker.ch. Retrieved on September 2013.
  
  "Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.: Name change" (PDF). eurex. 15 May 2013. Retrieved 10 July 2013.
  
  "Philips unveils new brand direction centered around innovation and people". Newscenter.philips.com. Retrieved 20 November 2013.
  
  "Dutch electronics giant Philips plans to split business". Bbc.com. Retrieved 23 September 2014.
  
  Tartwijk, Maarten Van (31 March 2015). "Philips Sells Majority Stake in LED Components, Automotive Business". Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 30 December 2016.
  
  
  Escritt, Thomas. "Philips expands in medical devices with $1.2 billion Volcano deal". Reuters.com. Retrieved 7 April 2018.
  
  "Subscribe to read". Ft.com. Retrieved 30 December 2016.
  
  "Philips lighting is now Signify". Signify. 2018-05-16. Retrieved 2018-07-10.
  
  
  Whitaker, Tim (19 August 2005). "Analysis: Philips acquires controlling stake in Lumileds". www.ledsmagazine.com. Retrieved 2019-03-06.
  
  "Philips announces 100% ownership of Lumileds". www.ledsmagazine.com. 1 January 2007. Retrieved 2019-03-06.
  
  "Lumileds Officially an Independent Company as Funds Affiliated with Apollo Global Management and Philips Complete Transaction". Lumileds. Retrieved 2019-03-06.
  
  "Interactive world maps". Annualreport2013.philips.com. Retrieved 30 December 2016.
  
  Nieuwhof, Marc (15 November 2010). "IP.Philips.com". IP.Philips.com. Retrieved 27 January 2011.
  
  "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 15 August 2016. Retrieved 11 July 2016.
  
  "(Company profile – Philips Hong Kong)". Philips.com.hk. Retrieved 27 January 2011.
  
  
  "珠海经济特区飞利浦家庭电器有限公司联系方式_信用报告_工商信息－启信宝". Qixin.com. Retrieved 7 April 2018.
  
  Philips opens lighting center in China Automotive News Report – 1 May 2008
  
  "Bangalore.philips.com". Bangalore.philips.com. Retrieved 24 November 2012.
  
  "India's Most Trusted Brands 2014". Archived from the original on 2 May 2015.
  
  "Philips Israel- Company Overview". Philips.co.il. Retrieved 1 May 2010.
  
  "Philips Pakistan - Company Overview". Philips.com.pk. Retrieved 17 October 2011.
  
  "Philips Deutschland - Philips". Philips.de. Retrieved 30 December 2016.
  
  "Philips Portuguesa". Restosdecoleccao.blogspot.pt. Retrieved 7 April 2018.
  
  "História Local - Philips". Philips.pt. Retrieved 30 December 2016.
  
  "Google Maps". Google.pt. Retrieved 30 December 2016.
  
  Portugal, Philips. "Philips Portugal manufacturer in P, radio technology from Po". Radiomuseum.org. Retrieved 30 December 2016.
  
  "Artigos Project : Global Report Volume 20" (PDF). Pardalmonteiro.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 7 April 2018.
  
  "Philips - Portugal". Philips.pt. Retrieved 30 December 2016.
  
  "philips uk - Google Maps". Maps.google.co.uk. Retrieved 24 November 2012.
  
  "Dutch firm Philips to move North American headquarters from Andover to Cambridge". The Boston Globe. Retrieved 7 April 2018.
  
  "Philips Brasil Home Page". 30 December 1996. Archived from the original on 30 December 1996. Retrieved 7 April 2018.
  
  John Biggs, Tech Crunch. "Welcome To The Future: Polymer Vision Demos SVGA Rollable Screen." 27 May 2011. Retrieved 27 May 2011.
  
  Lewis, Gareth (15 July 2009). "50 jobs go at Polymer Vision". Southern Daily Echo. Retrieved 6 January 2016.
  
  "Products & Solutions". Philips Healthcare. Retrieved 28 January 2012.
  
  "LED 12.5W A19 Soft White 12.5W (60W) Dimmable A19". Energy-saving light bulbs. Philips.
  
  "Indoor Luminaires". Philips Lighting. Retrieved 4 March 2016.
  
  "Outdoor Luminaires". Philips Lighting. Retrieved 4 March 2016.
  
  "Lamps". Philips Lighting. Retrieved 4 March 2016.
  
  "Lighting Controls". Philips Lighting. Retrieved 27 June 2016.
  
  "Digital projection lighting". Philips Lighting. Retrieved 27 June 2016.
  
  "Horticulture". Philips Lighting. Retrieved 27 June 2016.
  
  "Solar". Philips Lighting. Retrieved 27 June 2016.
  
  "Lighting systems for office & industry". Philips Lighting. Retrieved 4 March 2016.
  
  "Retail and hospitality systems". Philips Lighting. Retrieved 4 March 2016.
  
  "Lighting systems: for public spaces". Philips Lighting. Retrieved 4 March 2016.
  
  "Choose a bulb". Philips Lighting. Retrieved 27 June 2016.
  
  "Choose a lamp". Philips Lighting. Retrieved 27 June 2016.
  
  "Philips Hue homepage". Philips Lighting. Retrieved 27 June 2016.
  
  "The 64 Slice CT Scanner". Web.archive.org. Archived from the original on 10 March 2016. Retrieved 30 December 2016.
  
  "Philips Shield Wordmark Timeline" (JPG). Philips.com. Retrieved 7 April 2018.
  
  "Platform for Accelerating the Circular Economy". Platform for Accelerating the Circular Economy. Retrieved 2019-04-02.
  
  "https://www.philips.com/a-w/about/news/archive/standard/news/articles/2018/20180124-philips-spearheads-the-circular-economy-with-firm-2020-pledge.html". External link in |title= (help)
  
  "History of the Ellen MacArthur Foundation". www.ellenmacarthurfoundation.org. Retrieved 2019-04-02.
  
  "Ford tops Interbrand's forth annual ranking as the "greenest" brand in 2014". POPSOP. 13 August 2014. Retrieved 6 March 2019.
  
  "Philips – Our Green Products". Philips. Retrieved 7 January 2011.
  
  Margery Conner, EE Times. "$10M L Prize goes to Philips for 60W replacement LED bulb." 3 August 2011. Retrieved 5 August 2011.
  
  "DOE Announces Philips as First Winner of the L Prize Competition". US Department of Energy. Archived from the original on 6 August 2011. Retrieved 6 August 2011.
  
  "Guide to Greener Electronics | Greenpeace International". Greenpeace.org. Retrieved 24 November 2012.
  
  "Guide to Greener Electronics – Greenpeace International". Greenpeace International. Retrieved 14 November 2011.