IMPERIAL CT2026 YEAR 1972

 

• The KUBA-IMPERIAL  CT2026 is first IMPERIAL (TELEFUNKEN) color television completely based on semiconductors.

 

• The KUBA-IMPERIAL  CT2026  (TELEFUNKEN 711)  belongs to the third generation of  colour tv sets, and it was the first colour tv set with a telefunken 110° deflection picture tube on the continent. The 711 chassis has semiconductors first time instead of hybrid chassis. The total power consumption is more  higher due to increased deflection currents in comparison with 90° deflection colour tv sets. It was the first to sport a 110 degrees delta CRT AND CHASSIS 711. More deflection power was needed and convergence circuitry was mostly active using transistors instead of passive as before.

• The A66-140X was the first 110° deflection delta shadow mask colour picture tube. The iron-brass cover for shielding geomagnetic effects is placed now in the inside of the picture tube.

• The picture tube with 110° deflection is much shorter than a 66 cm. picture tube with 90° deflection. As a result, the whole set has a shorter depth than the 90° colour tv sets before. Deflection circuits and convergence circuits are more complex due to the higher deflection angle. The convergence board is placed behind a PANEL on the BOTTOM side of the set (viewed in front of the set). The convergence needs active parts with high-wattage transistors here in comparison to the total passive circuits in 90° colour tv sets to generate enough signal power for the correct geometry.

  
  

  It has a  picture tube apparatus employing the so-called delta gun  shadow mask  The present invention relates to a color television picture tube  type color cathode-ray tube which is provided with three electron guns positioned respectively at the vertices of an equilateral triangle, " the so-called delta gun  shadow mask ".
  
  To obtain a fine color picture on the screen of the cathode-ray tube of this type, the following requirements should be satisfied that the electron beam is emitted from each electron gun onto the center of each corresponding phosphor dot on the screen of the cathode-ray tube, the purity of colors is high and the electron beams are converged onto a group of phosphor dots.
  These requirements can be comparatively easily satisfied in the case of the cathode-ray tube with a spherically formed screen, whereas it is difficult to satisfy the requirements in the case of a narrow-necked, wide-angle deflection cathode-ray tube. The wide angle deflection cathode-ray tube is advantageous in practical use because the distance between the electron guns and the screen is small and the screen is almost flat with a curvature approximate to that of a flat surface; however, it is necessary to control the electron beams so that the electron beams may be emitted exactly onto the 3-color phosphor dots on the screen because the incident angle and distance of the electron beams which reach the phosphor dots on the screen have the values proper to respective phospher dots.
  
  
  
• Frontly bottom side a convergence setup panel is present.

• Older types with TELEFUNKEN CHASSIS 710/709  have had a 90° degree CRT TUBE like the A66-120X.

• The  IMPERIAL  CT2026  (TELEFUNKEN 711) has 8 programs tuning systems with potentiometers and sensor button program changing system and lamps under program button.It has a sensor keyboard for local commands, includes a plurality of tuning positions each defined by an adjustable potentiometer, a neon bulb indicator, a UHF/VHF switch and a two pole momentary contact touch switch. A common tuning capacitor has a tuning voltage developed thereacross for controlling the tuning of a varactor diode tuner. A source of reference potential is coupled across the tuning potentiometers and closure of any touch switch results in the tuning capacitor being charged from the voltage reference source through the selected one of the tuning potentiometers. The neon bulbs yield a visual indication of the selected tuning position. Circuitry for automatically placing control of the tuner to a preselected one of the tuning positions upon turn on of the receiver is also included.

In the "recent" introduction (1970's) of several models featuring touch-sensitive tuning is the culmination of a series of developments in television tuning techniques over a long period of time. In the earliest (66/67's) push-button tuner units (v.h.f.) tuning was effected by the extent to which a multiple slug was inserted into the inline signal and oscillator coils. This was an improvement over rotary types of tuner and proved to be very reliable though the reset accuracy tended to diminish after prolonged use. The earlier u.h.f. and integrated or multiband tuners were also purely mechanical in operation and though the designs were considerable technical achievements the push-buttons nevertheless required quite some pressure to effect channel changing. More recently (1970's) with the introduction of varicap tuners channel changing has been done by electrical means. The capacitance of the varicap diodes associated with each of the tuned circuits is altered by changing the bias applied to them. For this a relatively simple switch unit to select the appropriate potentiometer is all that is required. The lightness of touch needed, elimination of mechanical switching problems and the fact that the tuner can be mounted remote from the switch at any convenient place in the cabinet give considerable design advantages. Varicap tuners have also facilitated the application of a.f.c., which is of particular importance in colour receivers. Basic Principles Touch-sensitive control units form a welcome and natural adjunct to the use of varicap tuner units. As they dispense completely with the need for electrical switches and switch contacts they should reduce further the number of service calls for tuning faults. Various circuit arrangements are used in touch - operated tuner control units but all operate when a finger tip bridges a pair of contacts which incidentally look at first glance like a single contact. When the finger tip completes the circuit forward bias is applied to a high gain switching transistor. This in turn switches on another transistor or transistors and the net outcome is that the supply to the appropriate tuning potentiometer is connected and held on while the supply to the previously selected potentiometer is switched off. In addition a channel identfication bulb is usually brought into circuit. As skin resistance is high the touch contacts must be incorporated in a correspondingly high resistance circuit; in practice resistor values in the range 10-22Mohm are used. The switching operations are carried out either by discrete transistors or i.c.s. Transistors form almost ideal switches of course. In the absence of forward base bias the collector emitter resistance they present is very high especially with silicon types since there is negligible leakage current with these. On the other hand when a transistor is biased fully on, i.e. is saturated or bottomed, the collector current is maximum, the collector voltage minimum and the collector emitter impedance is very little. There is very little dissipation since although the collector current is at maximum the collector emitter voltage is at minimum generally less than 1 Volt.

• THE  IMPERIAL  CT2026 has First time a special backside placed connnector for AV VCR Connectability features.

• THE  IMPERIAL  CT2026  relates generally to color television receivers adapted to receive signals transmitted in accordance with the phase alternation by line system commonly referred to as the PAL system, and more particularly to a decoding system for use in the color television receivers to receive and display the signals transmitted according to the PAL system. In the PAL system a composite color television signal includes two color signal components, usually as color difference signals, containing chrominance information. These color signal components are simultaneously encoded by suppressed-carrier quadrature amplitude modulation on a color subcarrier within the video frequency band, and the phase of the modulation axis for one of the color signal components is reversed 180° for every line period. 

 It is known in the color television art to cause the chrominance subcarrier to have an unvarying frequency and phase relationship with the horizontal synchronizing pulses in order to reduce the appearance of the chrominance subcarrier in the reproduced picture as much as possible. For example, in the PAL (Phase-Alternating Line) color television system the chrominance subcarrier is altered by one-half the picture field frequency with respect to a frequency which is shifted by one-quarter of a picture line with respect to the horizontal line-scanning frequency, i.e. it is shifted by one-quarter of the line-scanning frequency with respect to a whole-number multiple of the line-scanning frequency, as described in German Pat. No. 1,179,986.

It is known to achieve this frequency and phase relationship, as described in the publication Telefunken-Zeitung, Issue 1/2, 1963, at page 95, by first converting the chrominance subcarrier produced in a quartz master oscillator, by mixing it with an oscillation at half the field frequency, into a pure one-quarter line-shifted signal, and by then converting this signal, by means of frequency division, into an oscillation at twice the line-scanning frequency 2f_H from which the half-field frequency and the line-scanning frequency can be derived by further frequency division. In such circuits the chrominance subcarrier is first produced in a master oscillator, for example a quartz oscillator, and a signal at the line-scanning frequency is derived therefrom by frequency conversion according to a particular shift pattern.

• Introducing the Vision IF IC:The TDA440 vision i.f. strip i.c.  housed in a 16 -pin plastic pack with a copper frame. There is a three -stage vision i.f. amplifier with a.g.c. applied over two stages, synchronous vision demodulator, gated a.g.c. system and a pair of video signal pre amplifiers which provide either positive- or negative - going outputs. . It is possible to design a very compact i.f. strip using this device and very exact performance is claimed

• Introducing the The BU208A  HV Transistor for HORIZONTAL DEFLECTION FOR COLOUR TV With 110° or even 90° degree of deflection angle.

•   Introducing ASIC ICs for :

- reference oscillator circuit for colour television receivers incorporating an automatic phase and amplitude controlled oscillator employing a quartz crystal.

-  integrated R - G - B matrix pre-amplifier for colour television receivers incorporating a matrix pre-amplifier for R—G—B cathode or grid drive of the picture tube without clamping circuits.

- The luminance amplifier input is matched to the luminance delay line and performs the following functions: d. c. contrast control ':' brightness control ':' black level clamping ':' blanking. The chrominance amplifier comprises: gain -controlled amplifier ':' chrominance gain control tracked with contrast control ':' separate d. c. saturation control ':' PAL delay line driver ':' burst gate ~, colour killer.

• So far the history of television development has been entirely radio (and picture) valves centric. And it would stay so for another decade. In the background, however, an entirely new development was taking shape: semiconductors. Especially the concept of semiconductor diodes was not entirely new. 

During the war both in Germany and the US some diodes were developed as detector in radar systems, but they remained exotic. In 1946 the US war effort on these type of materials was published and available to its allies in a 28-volume overview. At Philips Research this triggered one group under dr. Piet Haaijman in the sector of Herre Rinia to a few researchers working on metal-based detectors, using such materials as selenium and germanium. These activities came into a completely new perspective when in 1947 the the transistor was invented by John Bardeen, Walter Brattain and William Shockley of Bell Labs. This sent a shock through the world of electronics, and also within Philips kicked off semiconductor research. In 1948 Evert Verweij, one of the three NatLab directors, visited the US and concluded that research should be focused on germanium as base material. 

The group of Haaijman was extended to accelerate the work on germanium diodes, whereas a second group under F. Stieltjes started work on the transistor. One of the young researchers in this group was J. Tummers, who would be the leading developer of transistors within Research. Especially the transistor was a hard nut to crack, and progress was slow, also because Bell Labs had disclosed only a minimum of details on the engineering of their transistor, while also the US Department of Defence pushed hard to keep it top secret. It was only by 1952, with the famous Bell Licensees Symposium, that Bell Labs shared the "transistor cook book" to a selected set of companies with which it has cross-license agreements. From Europe this included Philips, Siemens, AEG-Telefunken and GEC. So far the NatLab had worked on the point-contact transistor, but these were very sensitive and unreliable, and after the Bell Symposium they switched to grown junction transistors.

 

The company Kuba-Imperial (also Kuba)  was a manufacturer of "clay furniture", later also television sets, which at that time were also called " brown goods ". The entertainment electronics company based in Wolfenbüttel existed from 1948 to 1972 and operated under several names.

Sound furniture or music chests were combinations of radio and record player in a stylish wooden housing, which at the time also represented a status symbol as a furnishing item . In the more expensive models, a tape recorder and / or ( black and white ) television set was also integrated.

Gerhard Kubetschek founded the sound furniture company Kuba in 1948, which already had sales of one million German marks (DM) in 1949 . The company grew rapidly during the economic miracle and by 1950 had over 100 employees and 12 different products in its delivery program. Initially, Kuba only manufactured the housings and installed the radio and television chassis from well-known companies such as Graetz , Loewe-Opta , Nordmende , SABA and Telefunken , but was later also represented on the market with its own developments. The turntables delivered Dual , Telefunken,Philips and other manufacturers; all tape recorders came from AEG or its subsidiary Telefunken.

• The "Symphonie",  one of the first Kuba music chests, was available in 1950 for just under DM 1,100, the bestseller "Traviata" cost DM 1,248 in 1957,  which, adjusted for inflation, corresponds to € 3,090 or € 3,040 in today's currency. 

• With an export share of 15% of the goods produced in Wolfenbüttel, Cuba had a share of over 80% in the German audio furniture export market in 1953. 

After several successful years, Cuba had three production sites in Wolfenbüttel and Braunschweig. A fourth plant followed in 1958 in Osterode am Harz with the takeover of the well-known Continental Rundfunk GmbH located there , which manufactured radio sets under the “Imperial” brand. From then on, the group of companies operated under the name Imperial Rundfunk und Fernsehwerk GmbH . With the takeover of Continental, Cuba acquired the necessary know-how for its own development and production of radio and television sets. Another step towards independence from suppliers was the purchase of a wood processing plant.

The Kuba sound furniture, which is still best known in professional circles today, is the combination chest "Komet" which was created at that time and combined television, radio, record player and loudspeaker in an avant-garde housing. The expansive upper part with the built-in television could be rotated. A Telefunken “ Magnetophon ” tape recorder was installed at an additional cost . The 200 kg chest cost the proud sum of DM 2,798 to DM 2,995, depending on the equipment, which today corresponds to a purchasing power of € 6,630 or € 7,090.

This means that the Kuba “Komet” was still well below the conservatively designed “Queen of SABA ” chest , which was available from 1956 with a tape recorder for DM 4895 (inflation-adjusted in today's currency € 12,170) 

After radios, portable radios, televisions, turntables, control devices and loudspeakers had initially been manufactured for installation in their own audio furniture, Cuba increasingly also produced products for other customers.

• The portable Kuba-Imperial "Astronaut" with a 41 cm picture tube came onto the market in 1963 and was the first fully transistorized ( solid state ) television receiver made in Germany.  It could also be operated on the 12 volt car battery and cost 1482 DM (today 3,180 €)

In 1966, almost two decades after it was founded, the company employed over 4,000 people in its locations. At that time, Cuba was the third largest manufacturer of radios and televisions in Germany and had an annual turnover of approx. 220 million DM. 

• In July 1966, Kubetschek sold the company for 80 million DM  to the American conglomerate General Electric . He was managing director for eight months and then a board member. For the introduction of color television in 1967, the company was named Cuba Imperial. The color portable Kuba "Porta Color" presented in the same year was the first portable color television on the German market.  1968 the device with 28 cm picture tube from General Electric cost 998 DM (today 1,900 €) 

General Electric stopped production at the Osterode plant in 1968 and shortly afterwards the AEG-Telefunken group bought the Kuba-Imperial company. From 1970 until its dissolution in 1972, the company operated under the name Imperial Radio Fernsehen Phono . The Hanover Founded in 1972, AEG-Telefunken subsidiary Telefunken radio and television GmbH later produced in the former Cuban Osterode among others VHS - VCR and Wolfenbüttel "ELA" technique ( electro-acoustic equipment ).

• The former production buildings on Lindener Straße in Wolfenbüttel still exist and are used by smaller companies and for cultural events. The Kuba Museum on the fourth floor recalls the work of Kubetschek and the history of his company.

1948: Gründung der Firma Kuba

1958: Übernahme der Continental-Rundfunk GmbH und damit der Marke Imperial, der Betrieb wird als Imperial Rundfunk- und Fernsehwerk weitergeführt

1966: Verkauf an General Electric (GE) für etwa 80 Millionen Mark
1966: Umsatz ca. 230 Millionen Mark

1968: Ende der eigenständigen Firmierung der Imperial Rundfunk- und Fernsehwerk, Umfirmierung zu Kuba-Imperial GmbH. Die Handelsmarke Kuba wird über ausgewählte Großhändler vertrieben, Imperial-General Electric über Einzelhändler

1969: Kooperationsvertrag mit Elektronska Industria (Ei), Nis in Jugoslawien

1970: AEG-Telefunken übernimmt die Firma von ihrem Grossaktionär GE zum 01.01.1970
1970: Das Geschäft der Compagnia Generale di Elettricità S.p.A (CGE) wird ebenfalls übernommen und als unselbständige Zweigniederlassung unter Imperial Radio e Televisori (IRT) fortgeführt.

1970: Die Firma heißt nunmehr Imperial GmbH Radio Fernsehen Phono

1972: Schliessung der Kuba-Imperial und Neugründung der Imperial Fernseh und Rundfunk GmbH in Hannover als Tocher der Telefunken Fernseh und Rundfunk GmbH

Nach derzeitigem Kenntnisstand erlischt die Marke Kuba 1972. Der Markenname Imperial wird zunächst von der Telefunken-Tochter weitergeführt. Später tritt die italienische Niederlassung mit eigenen Produkten unter der Marke Imperial auf.

NOTES:

Commons : Kuba-Imperial - collection of images, videos and audio files

• The Kuba Museum in Wolfenbüttel
• A quick visit to the Cuba Museum

Radiomuseum.org: Chest Symphony 1950. Retrieved January 21, 2016 .

radiomuseum.org: Porta Color CK211P. Retrieved January 21, 2016 .

Radiomuseum.org: Traviata 58. Retrieved January 21, 2016 .

These figures are based on the template: Inflation determined, rounded to a full 10 euros and refer to the previous January.

Company history "Kuba-Imperial" ( Memento of the original from September 28, 2007 in the Internet Archive )

Radiomuseum.org: Komet 1959/1960. Retrieved January 21, 2016 .

Radiomuseum.org: Queen of SABA 1956/1957. Retrieved February 2, 2016 .

Radiomuseum.org: Astronaut 1616. Retrieved January 21, 2016 .

Readings (German)

radiomuseum.org: Truhe Symphonie 1950. Abgerufen am 21. Januar 2016.
radiomuseum.org: Porta Color CK211P. Abgerufen am 21. Januar 2016.

radiomuseum.org: Traviata 58. Abgerufen am 21. Januar 2016.

Diese Zahlen sind mit der Vorlage:Inflation ermittelt, auf volle 10 Euro gerundet und beziehen sich auf den vergangenen Januar.

Firmengeschichte „Kuba-Imperial“ (Memento des Originals vom 28. September 2007 im Internet Archive)  Info: Der Archivlink wurde automatisch eingesetzt und noch nicht geprüft. Bitte prüfe Original- und Archivlink gemäß Anleitung und entferne dann diesen Hinweis. auf kuba-museum.de

radiomuseum.org: Komet 1959/1960. Abgerufen am 21. Januar 2016.

Kuriose und ungewöhnliche Museen im Landkreis Wolfenbüttel, Uwe Erdmann vom Kuba-Museum auf Die Region am 25. August 2017, abgerufen am 17. Februar 2021

radiomuseum.org: Königin von SABA 1956/1957. Abgerufen am 2. Februar 2016.

radiomuseum.org: Astronaut 1616. Abgerufen am 21. Januar 2016.


Telefunken (WAS) is a German radio and television apparatus company, founded in 1903, in Berlin, as a joint venture of two large companies, Siemens & Halske (S & H) and the Allgemeine Elektricitäts-Gesellschaft (General Electricity Company).

The name "Telefunken" appears in:

* the product brand name "Telefunken";
* AEG subsidiary as Telefunken GmbH in 1955;
* AEG subsidiary as Telefunken AG in 1963;
* company merged as AEG-Telefunken (1967–1985);
* the company "Telefunken USA" (2001). Now Telefunken Elektroakustik (2009)
* the company "Telefunken semiconductor GmbH & Co KG" Heilbronn Germany (2009).
* the company "Telefunken Lighting technologies S,L" (2009)

The company Telefunken USA[1] was incorporated in early 2001 to provide restoration services and build reproductions of vintage Telefunken microphones.

Around the turn of the 20th century, two groups of German researchers worked on the development of techniques for wireless communication. The one group at AEG, led by Adolf Slaby and Georg Graf von Arco, developed systems for the German navy; the other one, under Karl Ferdinand Braun, at Siemens, for the German army.

When a dispute concerning patents arose between the two companies, Kaiser Wilhelm II decided that the two companies were to be joined, creating on 27 May 1903 the company Gesellschaft für drahtlose Telegraphie System Telefunken ("The Company for Wireless Telegraphy Ltd."), and the disputed patents and techniques were invested in it. This was then renamed on 17 April 1923 as Telefunken, The Company for Wireless Telegraphy. Telefunken was the company's telegraph address. The first technical director of Telefunken was George Graf von Arco.

Starting in 1923, Telefunken built broadcast transmitters and radio sets.

In 1928, Telefunken made history by designing the V-41 amplifier for the German Radio Network. This was the very first two stage, "Hi-Fi" amplifier which began a chapter in recording history. Over time, Telefunken perfected their designs and in 1950 the V-72 amplifier was born. The TAB (a manufacturing subcontractor to Telefunken) V-72 soon became popular with other radio stations and recording facilities and would eventually come to help define the sound of most European recordings. The V-72S was the only type of amplifier found in the legendary REDD-37 console used by the Beatles at Abbey Road Studios on every recording prior to Rubber Soul. Today the V-72 is still the most sought after example of Telefunken's design and over 50 years later continues to be the benchmark by which all other tube based microphone preamplifiers are measured. In 1932, record players were added to the product line.

In 1941 Siemens transferred its Telefunken shares to AEG as part of the agreements known as the "Telefunken settlement", and AEG thus became the sole owner and continued to lead Telefunken as a subsidiary (starting in 1955 as "Telefunken GmbH" and from 1963 as "Telefunken AG").

During the Second World War Telefunken was a supplier of vacuum tubes, transmitters and radio relay systems, and developed radar facilities and directional finders, aiding extensively to the German air defense against British-American Aerial Bombing. During the war, manufacturing plants were shifted to and developed in West Germany or relocated. Thus, Telefunken, under AEG, turned into the smaller subsidiary, with the three divisions realigning and data processing technology, elements as well as broadcast, television and phono. Telefunken had substantial successes in these markets during the time of self-sufficiency and also later in the AEG company. Telefunken was also the originator of the FM radio broadcast system. Telefunken, through the subsidiary company Teldec (a joint venture with Decca Records), was for many decades one of the largest German record companies, until Teldec was sold to WEA in 1988.

In 1959, Telefunken established a modern semiconductor works in Heilbronn, where in April 1960 production began. The works was expanded several times, and in 1970 a new 6-storey building was built at the northern edge of the area. At the beginning of the 1970s it housed approximately 2,500 employees.

In 1967, Telefunken was merged with AEG, which was then renamed to AEG-Telefunken. During this era, Walter Bruch developed the PAL color television for the company, in use by most countries outside the Americas today (i.e. United Kingdom - PAL-I), and by Brazil (PAL-M) and Argentina (PAL-N) in South America.

The mainframe computer TR 4 was developed at Telefunken in Backnang, and the TR 440 model was developed at Telefunken in Konstanz. They were in use at many German university computing centres from the 1970s to around 1985. The development and manufacture of large computers was separated in 1974 to the Konstanz Computer Company (CGK). The production of mini- and process computers was integrated into the automatic control engineering division of AEG. When AEG was bought by Daimler in 1985, "Telefunken" was dropped from the company name.

In 2005, Telefunken Sender Systeme Berlin changed its name to Transradio SenderSysteme Berlin AG. The name "Transradio" dates back to 1918, when Transradio was founded as a subsidiary of Telefunken. A year later, in 1919, Transradio made history by introducing duplex transmission. Transradio has specialized in research, development and design of modern AM, VHF/FM and DRM broadcasting systems.

In August 2006, it acquired the Turkish company Profilo Telra, one of the largest European manufacturers of TV-devices, with Telefunken GmbH granting a license for the Telefunken trademark rights and producing televisions under that name. In 2000, Toni Roger Fishman acquired The Diamond Shaped Logo & The Telefunken Brand Name for use in North America. The company "Telefunken USA" [2] was incorporated in early 2001 to provide restoration services and build reproductions of vintage Telefunken microphones. In 2003, Telefunken USA won a TEC Award for Studio Microphone Technology for their exact reproduction of the original Ela M 250 / 251 Microphone system. Telefunken USA has since received several TEC Awards nominations for the following microphone systems: the Telefunken USA M12 or C12 (originally developed by AKG), the R-F-T M16 MkII, and the AK47. The Historic Telefunken Ela M251 microphone system entered the MIX foundation's Hall of fame in 2006. In 2008, Telefunken USA won a second TEC Award for its new Ela M 260 microphone.

As a result of a conference held in Frankfurt in May 2009, Telefunken USA has been renamed Telefunken Elektroakustik ("Electrical Acoustics") Division of Telefunken and awarded the exclusive rights to manufacture a wide variety of professional audio products and vacuum tubes bearing the Telefunken Trade Mark, in over 27 countries worldwide. Telefunken Elektroakustik now uses the Telefunken trademark for Professional Audio Equipment & Component Based Electronics, such as Capacitors, Transformers, Vacuum Tubes in North America, South America, Europe, Asia and Australia.

TELEFUNKEN HISTORY:

" It is ironic that in the years since the introduction of PAL, Telefunken – the company that invented PAL – disappeared from the market after they were bought in the 1980s by the French company Thomson – a former SECAM protagonist.

There is further irony in the fact that even as the majority of European and Asian TV viewers benefit on a daily basis from their PAL standard TV pictures, the worldwide transition from analog to digital TV spells the end of this color standard as well as many other TV transmission standards.

What we have known as PAL, SECAM, or NTSC is now increasingly known as simply digital RGB or Y, Cr, and Cb color component signals encoded in a DVB (Digital Video Broadcasting) signal or one of its many variants such as DVB-T, DVT-S, DVB-C, DVB-H, or similar ones like your ATSC.

In the future, all this may in turn disappear into an abstract IP (Internet Protocol) packet, which would make traditional distribution channels obsolete. For example, major areas in Germany, and all of Austria may terminate their analog transmissions, replacing them with DVB-T or DVB-S only.

We will find out whether the 55th anniversary of PAL in 2018 will generate much of a resonance, if all analog TV transmissions – whether terrestrial, satellite, or cable – have been brought to an end. "

1903 – 1922
TWO ARCH RIVALS. ONE INNOVATIVE COMPANY

At the beginning of the last century, two rival research groups were working in the field of
wireless telegraphy. The Slaby-Arco group was represented by the radio-telegraphy department
of AEG, founded in 1899. The other as the Braun-Siemens group, represented by a company
called Gesellschaft für drahtlose Telegraphie, System Prof. Braun und Siemens & Halske
GmbH. Under the advice of Emporer Wilhelm II, the two groups merged to form the
Gesellschaft für drahtlose Telegraphie mbH company on May 27, 1903. And the rest is history.




A TELEFUNKEN FIRST
The very first Telefunken customers were the German Army and the Imperial Navy.
Telefunken was proud to deliver the first two transmitters for the new coastal radio station, Norddeich
Radio, in November 1905. In October 1906, the expansion of a much larger Nauen station was
completed with a range of 300 km and HF output of 10 kW. Welcome to the power of
Telefunken.


MEET DR. TELEFUNKEN

Dr. Georg Graf Von Arco was the first Technical Director and Managing Director of the
Gesellschaft für drahtlose Telegraphie mbH in 1903. He was also the holder of more than one
hundred patents. Among other inventions, he initiated the high-frequency mechanical
transmitter and the wavemeter. Necessity is the mother of invention. Or in this case, German
inventions.


1923 – 1936
TELEFUNKEN GOES COMMERCIAL

On April 17, 1904, the company changed its name to "Telefunken, Gesellschaft für drahtlose
Telegraphie", and on July 26, 1932 Telefunkenplatte GmbH officially began its commercial
activity with registered capital of 100,000 Reichsmarks.
The station in the Telefunken building, Tempelhofer Ufer 9 in Berlin, began broadcasting
concerts regularly two and a half months before the official start of the "Deutsche
Rundfunkverkehr". The world tour of the Graf Zeppelin airship in 1929 got off the ground by
using Telefunken transmitters, receivers and directional equipment exclusively.
Also, on October 31, 1928, during the 5th Grand German Radio Exhibition in Berlin, Telefunken
presented a television set with the Karolus-Telefunken system, a scanning process of film
images through a Mechau projector with a Nipkow disk, in public for the first time.


MEET TELEFUNKEN’S MAD SCIENTISTS

Dr. Hans Bredow is considered to be the "Father of Broadcasting". He was employed at
Telefunken from 1904 to 1919 as a Project Manager, and later as Managing Director.
Prof. Dr. Walter Bruch developed the very first electronic television camera, with which he
participated in the live broadcast of the Olympic Summer Games in Berlin in 1936. He also
earned international fame by inventing the PAL color television system. He joined Telefunken's
Television and Physical Research Department in 1935.
These two innovators thought out of the “TV box” and helped shape and make Telefunken what
it is today.


WELCOME TO RADIO TELEFUNKEN

The German radio station in Zeesen near Königswusterhausen (8 kW shortwave transmitter) was built by Telefunken and was officially placed in service on August 28, 1929. The Mühlacker radio station (60 kW output) was handed over on December 20, 1930. Telefunken is now in, and on, the air.


TELEFUNKEN GOES FOR THE GOLD, SILVER AND BRONZE

In 1935, Telefunken equipped the Olympic Stadium, the Maifeld and the Dietrich-Eckhardt
Stage with electrical-acoustic equipment for the Olympics. On August 1, 1936 at the XI Olympic
Summer Games in Berlin, an electronic television camera, known as the Ikonoskop, was used
for the first time for a direct transmission. Again, another Telefunken first. And second. And third
1936- 1954


NOW PLAYING ON CHANNEL TELEFUNKEN

The first fully electronic television studio equipped by Telefunken for the Deutsche Reichspost
was opened with a live broadcast in August 1938. The 500 kW long wave transmitter in
Herzberg, also known as the most powerful German broadcast transmitter, was supplied by
Telefunken and began to operate on May 19, 1939.


IT’S NOT A MERGER. IT’S A POWERHOUSE

On September 24, 1941, AEG took over the 50% of Telefunken shares owned by Siemens &
Halske AG valued at 20 million Reichsmarks. Thus, Telefunken became a 100% subsidiary of
AEG. In exchange, Siemens & Halske AG received the shares of Eisenbahn-Signalwerken,
Klangfilmgesellschaft mbH and Deutsche Betriebsgesellschaft für drahtlose Telegraphie
(DEBEG) owned by AEG. Strength in numbers, indeed.


POST WWII

The reconstruction after the World War II posed a particularly difficult challenge to Telefunken.
All production facilities and equipment were destroyed, disassembled or confiscated and many
valuable experts were scattered around the world. Rebuilding began in West Germany and
Berlin in 1945, and the production of tubes and transmitters was resumed the same year. But
growth was on the way.



THE TELEFUNKEN COME BACK

In 1953 Telefunken already comprised six plants and five sales offices in Berlin, Ulm,
Frankfurt/Main and Hanover again.The range of products consisted of long-range
communications systems, radio and television transmitters, marine radios, commercial
receivers, directional and navigation systems, radar devices, deci and UHF directional radio
connections, mobile radio systems, portable radio systems, HF heat generators, measuring
equipment, electro-acoustical systems, music centers, record players, transmitter tubes, radio
tubes, special tubes and quartz crystals. As you can see, Telefunken was relentless and has
come a long way.


PROF. DR. DR. WILHELM T. RUNGE THE FIRST

Prof. Dr. Dr. Wilhelm T. Runge (1895-1987) performed trailblazing work in radio and radar
technology and played a significant role in the development of microwave in Germany. He was
especially renowned internationally in the field of high-frequency technology. As well as for
having a few, very important titles before his name.


1955 – 1962
AS TELEFUNKEN GROWS, SO DOES ITS NET WORTH

The name of the company was changed to Telefunken GmbH on January 4, 1955. Due to the
expanded business activities of Telefunken, AEG increased the capital of the company to DM
100 million in 1958.


THE FIRST GERMAN STEREO STUDIO. BROUGHT TO YOU BY TELEFUNKEN

The Sender Freies Berlin (SFB) station ordered the first German stereo studio in 1961. The
harbor radar system, supplied by Telefunken, was officially placed for service in Hamburg
Harbor in August 1962, while the first German transistor receiver (six transistors) was produced
in a test series in 1956. Prof. Dr. Walter Bruch filed the fundamental PAL "time decoder" patent
on December 31, 1962. It was the first German stereo studio of its kind, and Telefunken sought
to it that there was nothing else quite like it.


1963-1978
WHAT’S IN A NAME?

Telefunken GmbH became Telefunken AG on July 5, 1963. On June 23, 1966, the General
Shareholder Meeting of AEG passed a resolution to integrate Telefunken AG into Allgemeine
Elektrizitäts-Gesellschaft. Based on an operating lease agreement, the business activities of
Telefunken were transferred to AEG effective January 1, 1967, and were continued under the
combined name AEG-Telefunken. In March 1968, AEG-Telefunken developed a new mediumrange
radar system (Type SER-LL), which was able to detect targets at an altitude of 24,000
meters at a distance of 280 kilometers. Telefunken expands on land, as well as in the air.


TAPE RECORDERS WORTH MILLIONS

AEG-Telefunken delivered the two-millionth tape recorder, a Magnetophon 204 TS, on August
5, 1969. The ten-millionth black-and-white television picture tube was produced in Ulm on
January 27, 1970. The numbers are astounding. As is Telefunken.AEG-Telefunken delivered the
two-millionth tape recorder, a Magnetophon 204 TS, on August 5, 1969. The ten-millionth
black-and-white television picture tube was produced in Ulm on January 27, 1970. The
numbers are astounding. As is Telefunken.


ECONOMIC SLOWDOWN

There was a worldwide economic slowdown in the wake of the oil crisis in 1974. The
competition in consumer electronics sector also became more difficult due to Japanese
suppliers. The only profitable divisions of the company at this time were telecommunications
and traffic technology. But Telefunken, as usual, was known for their resilience.


1979- 1983
THE NAME GAME CONTINUES

The name of the overall company was changed to AEG-Telefunken Aktiengesellschaft on June
21, 1979. The "Aktiengesellschaft" [stock corporation] suffix was necessary due to a new law in
the European Community. In 1979, AEG-Telefunken supplied the complete telecommunications
and high-voltage equipment for the International Congress Center (ICC) Berlin, valued at DM 50
million. In January 1983 the company received an order for simulation systems for electronic
battle simulation for training Tornado crews of the German Luftwaffe and Navy. The total value
was at DM 37 million. The net worth: priceless.


TOUGH TIMES FOR TELEFUNKEN

Court composition proceedings were opened against the assets of AEG-Telefunken AG by the
District Court in Frankfurt / Main on October 31, 1982.
The District Court Frankfurt / Main confirmed the composition of AEG-Telefunken AG in
accordance with the petition filed and closed the proceedings on September 19, 1984.
Even during this difficult financial situation, AEG-Telefunken continued its business and founded
AEG-Telefunken Nachrichtentechnik GmbH (ATN), in Backnang, Germany, together with
Bosch, Mannesmann and Allianz Versicherungs-AG in 1981, as well as Telefunken electronic
GmbH (TEG) in the field of electronic components (semiconductors) together with United
Technologies Corporation (UTC), USA in 1982.
On July 1, 1992, AEG-Telefunken and Deutsche Aerospace (Dasa) founded Telefunken
Microelektronic GmbH (TEMIC), into which Telefunken Elektronic GmbH was integrated among
others. But Telefunken was determined to prevail.


A FINAL, BUT NOT LAST, TURN

Effective March 31, 1983, the French group Thomson-Brandt S.A. took over 75 percent of the
AEG-Telefunken shares in Telefunken Fernseh und Rundfunk GmbH, Hanover, Germany,
including its German and foreign subsidiaries. The remaining 25 percent were supposed to
follow on January 31, 1984. Daimler-Benz AG entered the company in autumn of 1985 and
decided in Autumn 1995 to dissolve the legal entity and transferred the remaining assets to
EHG Electroholding GmbH. Thus, the history of the company was over. But not that of its
brands.
A historical overview is offered by the company archive of AEG-Telefunken in the "Deutsches
Technikmusem Berlin", Trebbiner Str. 9, 10963 Berlin.


1984 – 2004
INNOVATION YESTERDAY. TODAY. AND TOMORROW

Currently, the Telefunken brand and name rights lie with Telefunken Licenses GmbH,
Frankfurt/Main, Germany. This company is one hundred percent subsidiary of EHG
Elektroholding GmbH, Frankfurt/Main.
EHG, on the other hand, is the legal successor of AEG Aktiengesellschaft. The licensor is
Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs GmbH, Frankfurt/Main, Germany. A differentiation is made
between brand licensing agreements, name use agreements and combined agreements. And
third-party use always requires the written approval of the licensor.
In 2003, Telefunken can look back at one-hundred years of brand history. In the past,
Telefunken was associated with significant technical developments and enjoyed the reputation
of a successful German company.
The Telefunken brand is registered in the official trademark registries of 118 countries. It
continues to be used under a variety of licensing agreements.
These are the topics that can be found in the commemorative volume "Telefunken After 100
Years - The Legacy of a Global German Brand."
Whether discovered on this website or in book, these topics should not only focus attention on
the past, but also simultaneously highlight the beginning of a strong Telefunken brand. Simply
put, it’s not just about where we’ve been. But also where we’re going.


2004 – 2009
TELEFUNKEN TODAY

Since December 2007, the trademark-right TELEFUNKEN rests with TELEFUNKEN Holding
AG, Frankfurt. Currently, TELEFUNKEN is the owner of more than 20,000 patents and active in over 130 countries around the globe.
Today, TELEFUNKEN stands for innovation and progress in the ever-changing world of
information and communications technology and is strictly focused on consumer quality – from
design concept to execution. And because of its strong heritage and long-standing tradition,
Telefunken has a high brand-awareness and a clear positioning in the field of premium
products.

 US AND JAPANESE COLOUR RECORDS 1973 was a record year in the USA too for colour set sales. In all over ten million colour receivers were sold representing a growth of 14% over 1972. Over eight and a half million of these sets were US manufactured.

Monochrome set sales declined by 10.9% to just under 7.3 million. 1974 is turning out to be a miserable year in the US as well, with a noticeable decline in sales during the first two months. Stocks, especially of manufacturers undelivered sets, are rising. Against this background comes the surprise news that Motorola, one of the largest US setmakers, has decided to withdraw from the TV marketing order to concentrate instead on communications, semi conductors, government electronics and automotive products. Despite record earnings last year Motorola's consumer products division made a loss, with sales below expectations. Motorola's US and Canadian TV plants have been sold to the Japanese electronics company Matsushita (National Pana- sonic) who will thus acquire a share of the US market representing about 9% third behind Zenith and RCA.

Some References:

• M. Friedewald: Telefunken und der deutsche Schiffsfunk 1903–1914. In: Zeitschrift für Unternehmensgeschichte 46. Nr. 1, 2001, S. 27–57
• M. Fuchs: Georg von Arco (1869–1940) – Ingenieur, Pazifist, Technischer Direktor von Telefunken. Eine Erfinderbiographie. Verlag für Geschichte der Naturwissenschaften und der Technik, Berlin & München: Diepholz 2003
• L. U. Scholl: Marconi versus Telefunken: Drahtlose Telegraphie und ihre Bedeutung für die Schiffahrt. In: G. Bayerl, W. Weber (ed.): Sozialgeschichte der Technik. Ulrich Troitzsche zum 60. Geburtstag. Waxmann, Münster 1997 (Cottbuser Studien zur Geschichte von Technik, Arbeit und Umwelt, 7)
• Telefunken Sendertechnik GmbH: 90 Jahre Telefunken. Berlin 1993
• Erdmann Thiele (ed.): Telefunken nach 100 Jahren – Das Erbe einer deutschen Weltmarke. Nicolaische Verlagsbuchhandlung, Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-87584-961-2
•  

Einzelnachweise:

Schreibweise mit c siehe: - AEG-Teilschuldverschreibung von 1962

Marke „Telefunken“ in der Registerauskunft des Deutschen Patent- und Markenamtes (DPMA)

E. Thiele (Hrsg.): Telefunken nach 100 Jahren: Das Erbe einer deutschen Weltmarke. Nicolai, Berlin 2003, S. 19

Kurt Kracheel: Flugführungssysteme (Die Deutsche Luftfahrt, Band 20). Bernard&Graefe Verlag, Bonn 1993, ISBN 3-7637-6105-5, S. 119.

Operette 50W UKW. In: radiomuseum.org. Abgerufen am 28. Januar 2016.

Autosuper IA 50. In: radiomuseum.org. Abgerufen am 28. Januar 2016.

Farbfernseh-Tischempfänger PALcolor 708T. In: radiomuseum.org. Abgerufen am 28. Januar 2016.

Mini Partner 101. In: radiomuseum.org. Abgerufen am 28. Januar 2016.

Olympia-Partner. In: radiomuseum.org. Abgerufen am 28. Januar 2016.

Magnetophon 3000 hifi. In: radiomuseum.org. Abgerufen am 28. Januar 2016.

Fernseh-Tischempfänger FE8T. In: radiomuseum.org. Abgerufen am 28. Januar 2016.

Israelischer Konzern Elbit Systems eröffnet Büro in Berlin. In: bundeswehr-journal. 13. April 2018, abgerufen am 18. Januar 2019.

Telefunken Semiconductors Heilbronn: Die Lichter sind für immer aus, swr.de, 27. Februar 2015

LDL Berlin: Geschäftshaus Mehringdamm 32 & 34

LDL Berlin: AEG-Glühlampenfabrik

LDL Berlin: AEG-Telefunken-Gerätewerk

Telefunkenwerk Celle. vergessene-orte.blogspot.com

Ludwig Leisentritt: Die historische Entwicklung von Zeil am Main, hbrech.tripod.com